兵马俑英文导游词
兵马俑英文导游词【1】
Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum and the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses Museum
Emperor Qin Shihuang (259-210B.
C. had Ying as his surname and Zheng as his given name.
He name to the throne of the Qin at age 13, and took the helm of the state at age of 22.
By 221 B.
C.,he had annexed the six rival principalities of Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao and Wei, and established the first feudal empire in China’s history.
In the year 221 B.
C. when he unified the whole country, Ying Zheng styled himself emperor.
He named himself Shihuang Di, the first emperor in the hope that his later generations be the second, the third even the one hundredth and thousandth emperors in proper order to carry on the hereditary system.
Since then, the supreme feudal rulers of China’s dynasties had continued to call themselves Huang Di, the emperor.
After he had annexed the other six states, Emperor Qin Shihuang abolished the enfeoffment system and adopted the prefecture and county system.
He standardized legal codes, written language, track, currencies, weights and measures.
To protect against harassment by the Hun aristocrats.
Emperor Qin Shihuang ordered the Great Wall be built.
All these measures played an active role in eliminating the cause of the state of separation and division and strengthening the unification of the whole country as well as promotion the development of economy and culture.
They had a great and deep influence upon China’s 2,000 year old feudal society.
Qin Shihuang ordered the books of various schools burned except those of the Qin dynasty’s history and culture, divination and medicines in an attempt to push his feudal autocracy in the ideological field.
As a result, China’s ancient classics had been devastated and destroy.
Moreover, he once ordered 460 scholars be buried alive.
Those events were later called in history“the burning of books and the burying of Confucian scholars.
”
Emperor Qin Shihuang，for his own pleasure, conscribed several hundred thousand convicts and went in for large-scale construction and had over seven hundred palaces built in the Guanzhong Plain.
These palaces stretched several hundred li and he sought pleasure from one palace to the other.
Often nobody knew where he ranging treasures inside the tomb, were enclosed alive.
Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum has not yet been excavated.
What looks like inside could noly be known when it is opened.
However, the three pits of the terra-cotta warriot excavated outside the east gate of the outer enclosure of the necropolis can make one imagine how magnificent and luxurious the structure of Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum was.
No.1 Pit was stumbled upon in March 1974 when villagers of Xiyang Village of Yanzhai township, Lintong County, sank a well 1.
5km east of the mausoleum.
In 1976, No.
2 and 3 Pits were found 20m north of No.
1 Pit respectively after the drilling survey.
The terra-cotta warriors and horses are arrayed according to the Qin dynasty battle formation, symbolizing the troops keeping vigil beside the mausoleum.
This discovery aroused much interest both at home and abroad.
In 1975, a museum, housing the site of No.
1 and covering an area of 16,300 square meters was built with the permission of the State Council.
The museum was formally opened to public on Oct.
1, the National Day, 1979.
No.1 Pit is 230 meters long from east to west, 62m wide from north to south and 5m deep , covering a total area of 14,260 square meters.
It is an earth-and-wood structure in the shape of a tunnel.
There are five sloping entrances on the eastern and western sides of the pit respectively.
The pit is divided into eleven corridors by ten earthen partition walls, and the floors are paved with bricks.
Thick rafters were placed onto the walls (but now one can only see their remains), which were covered with mats and then fine soil and earth.
The battle formation of the Qin dynasty, facing east.
In the east end are arrayed three lines of terra-cotta warriors, 70 pieces in each, totaling 210 pieces.
They are supposed to be the van of the formation.
Immediately behind them are 38 columns of infantrymen alternating with war chariots in the corridors, each being 180m long.
They are probably the main body of the formation.
There is one line of warriors in the left, right and west ends respectively, facing outwards.
They are probably the flanks and the rear.
There are altogether 27 trial trench, it is assumed that more than 6,000 clay warriors and horses could be unearthed from No.1 Pit.
兵马俑英文导游词【2】
Ladies and gentlemen, good morning, Today, we are going to visit the Museum of Terracotta Warriors and Horses.
This museum is located at the foot of mountain Li Shan, about 35 kilometers east of Xi’an.
First, I will give you a brief introduction about the master of this underground army---the First Qin Emperor, Yingzheng.
He came to the throne at the age of 13 and seized the power at the age of 22 .
By 221BC, he had annexed all the six independent states and established the first centralized autocratic feudal empire in the long history of China.
After the unification of the whole country, he styled himself the First Emperor and standardized the coinage, weights and measures, the legal codes, the written scripts and so on.
He also ordered the linkage of the original Great Wall.
All these exerted an everlasting influence on the long feudal history of China.
But the First Qin Emperor was very ambitious.
As soon as he came to the throne, he ordered that a magnificent mausoleum should be built for him.
It took 37 years to complete this great project.
Actually, the site of those terracotta warriors and horses we now see is just a small part of his mausoleum.
Ok, everyone, now we are standing at the front gate of the Eighth Wonder of the world---the Museum of Terracotta Warriors and Horses.
As one of the top ten places of historical interest in China, it was also listed as a world heritage site.
So next, let’s go to uncover the veil of this miraculous work.
In March 1974,when several farmers were sinking a well about 1.
5km east of the First Qin Emperor’s Maosolem, they came upon many fragments of the terracotta figures.
The results of archaeological excavation showed that is two more pits were discovered respectively.
They were then named pit1，pit2, and pit3 by the order of discovery.
The new discovery stirred up a sensation all over the world.
In order to provide the historical artifacts with adequate protection, a musem was set up on the site of Pit 1 in 1975 upon the approval of the state council.
Pit 1,covers an area of 16,300 square meters, is an earth-and-wood structure in the shape of a tunnel.
The terra cotta armies in pit 1 were arranged in battle formation.
In the front of this formation, there are 210warriors in 3 lines facing forward.
Armed with bows and arrows, they constitute the so-called vanguard.
Meanwhile, there is one row of warriors on each of the borders of this pit, facing outward---they are the flanks and the rear guard.
Holding long-distance shooting weapons, they took up the job of defending the whole army.
Then, this way please.
We may find ten partition walls
which divided this pit into 11 corridors.
The warriors standing inside them with horse-drawn chariots represent the principal military force of this battle formation.
According to the density, there are over 6000 terracotta warriors and horses, and most of them are infantrymen.
Ok, Here now we arrived at Pit 2.
we can see that Pit 2 is still under cover, that’s because we want to preserve them.
Pit 2 consists of 4 different mixed military forces in four arrays, they are infantrymen, cavalrymen, archers and charioteers .
And pit 2 also include many chariots and horses.
They can be divided to act independently, capable of attacking, and defending with a quick response.
As you see, those worriors, their feet, legs, bodies, necks, hands and heads, all with different faces, were all made separately and joined together.
we may find they are all vivid and true to life.
And also as we can see, here are some actual weapons unearthed in those pits.
The most
attractive one is a bronze sword.
Although it was buried over thousands of years, it is still very sharp.
It can cat through 20 pieces of paper put together.
Now we come to pit 3.
Pit 3 covers an area of about 520 square meters.
There are only 68 warriors and 4 clay horses.
The warriors were arranged opposite to each other in two rows, and only one kind of weapon called “SHU” had been discovered.
This kind of weapon has no blade, and is believed to be used by the guards of honor.
We have found many animal bones in the north side, and it is supposed to be “Prayer Hall”, and “Commander’s office” is on the south side.
This suggests pit 3 is the headquarters directing the whole underground army.
Then we have arrived at the exhibition hall of Bronze Chariots and Horses.
In 1980, two sets of large painted bronze chariots and horses were found.
They broke into thousands of pieces when we found them and after 8 years’ careful restoration; they were rebuilt and open to the public.
The first one was named “High Chariot” and the second one was called “Security Chariot”.
They were the eariliest and most exquisitely and intricately made bronze valuables,and also the largest bronze wares discovered in the history of world archaeology.
It provides extremlyvaluable material and data for the research of the metallurgical technique and technological modeling og the Qin Dynasty.
So now we will finish our journey in the museum today, I believe that you must be very astonished at this world wonder.
So it’s your time,you can work around and take some pictures.
thank you for listening~
兵马俑英文导游词【3】
The passengers:
Everybody is good! B: my name is lu, I'm go to the guide of qin Terra Cotta Warriors.
I'm very honored to serve you, hope we have a nice day today.
Now we're going to set off to the world-famous qin Terra Cotta Warriors.
You see, this great historical sites show in front of our eyes! Our xi 'an lintong has three qin Terra Cotta Warriors pit, a total of 3 20000 square meters, nearly 50 basketball courts, a pit of the Terra Cotta Warriors to nearly eight thousand.
In three pits at the pit is the largest, 230 meters long, north and south 62 meters wide, with a total area of 14260 square meters; The pit of the Terra Cotta Warriors, of course, also the most, there are more than six thousand! Above the no.
1 pit has a huge vaulted hall.
Into the hall, standing on high bird's eye view, will see the Terra Cotta Warriors pit, line by line, the process is very neat, formed a huge army of rectangle like qin shihuang had command of an army of fighting, invincible.
You look, the general burly, wearing a brown, wearing armor, sword in hand, with pride.
Know it's the look on his poses battle-hardened, accountable.
The average height of the warriors, 1.8 meters, trim.
They dressed in a shirt to wear armor, feet front end up the cock combat boots, and armed with weapons, ready to go.
Look, the horse figurines in short armour, on foot mouth was wearing tight pants, boots right hand holding the REINS, left hand with bows and arrows, as if ready to mount a horse to kill.
Now we use one hour to watch slowly.
Please take good care of cultural relics, don't litter.
Thank you for your cooperation.
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