高中非谓语动词教案
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高中非谓语动词教案1
一、动词不定式
1. 动词不定式作宾语。
1). 在动词want, hope, would like, decide, wish,
choose, try, need等后常用动词不定式作宾语。
I hope ______(hear)from you soon.
2). think/find /feel /make it + adj + to do sth
He found it difficult _______(get) to sleep.
3). stop to do sth / stop doing sth
stop to do sth 停下来去做某事 stop doing sth 停止正在做的事。
After working for a long time, He has to stop _______(have ) a rest.
He was very tired, so he had to stop ______(work).
2. 动词不定式作宾语补。
1). 带to的不定式作宾补的动词有：ask / like /would like /teach /tell /want /help +sb +to do sth
Please ask him _________(come) quickly.
2). 省掉to的不定式作宾补的动词有：let /make / hear /see /notice /have/watch+sb +do sth
注：省掉to的不定式的句子变被动语态时，需要还原to.
He made the baby _______(stop) crying.
The baby was made ______ _____ crying.
3. 动词不定式作主语
1). 动词不定式常可用作句子的主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
2). 常用it作形式主语，而将不定式放在句子后面。
To do sth +谓语动词+adj /n =
It +谓语动词+adj / n + to do sth
To get an injection is a little painful.
_____ a little painful ____ ____ an injection(注射).
4. 动词不定式作定语
动词不定式作定语放在被修饰词之后
名词或代词+to do+(介词)
注：若构成的不定式的动词为不及物动词时，其后加上相应的介词。
I want a pen to write ______.
I want a piece of paper to write ______.
5. 动词不定式与疑问词连用
疑问词+ to do sth
注：在宾语从句中，若主从句的主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+to do sth”.
Can you tell me how I can get to the hospital?
Can you tell me _____ ____ ____ the hospital.
6. 动词不定式可作状语
1). 动词不定式可作目的状语
在come / go / leave 后面接动词不定式作目的状语。
He came here ______(get)his book.
2). 动词不定式可作原因状语
表语形容词(sorry/sad/happy/ glad /afraid/ pleased)后与动词不定式连用作原因状语
He was glad _______(see) his wife.
3). 动词不定式可作结果状语
在too…to …, not …enough to …句型中的动词不定式作结果状语。
He was too tired _______(walk) on.
7. 动词不定式作表语
be + to do sth
注：动词不定式作表语可以和主语的位置互换，且常表将来。
Her wish is _______(become) a doctor.
_____ _____ is her wish.
8. 动词不定式的否定形式
在动词不定式的前面加not.
He told me _______(not stay) here.
9. 动词不定式符号的省略和保留情况。
1). 动词不定式符号的省略情况
若两个或两个以上的不定式并列时，第一个不定式符号不能省略，其余的省掉to.但两者有对比关系时，to都不能省略。
Edison’s mother taught him to write and read.
I haven’t decided to go home or to go to the cinema.
2) 省掉不定式而保留动词不定式符号to的情况。
Will you take a walk with me ? I’m glad to.
Would you like to join my birthday party ?
I would love to.
二、动名词
1. 动名词相当于一个名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Reading in bed ______(be) bad for your eyes.
2. 有些动词或动词短语后面，只能接动名词作宾语。
三、现在分词
1. 现在分词常放在see, hear, watch, notice 等之后作宾补。
I saw the boy____(play)in the street just now.
2. 现在分词作定语常放在被修饰词之前，现在分词短语要放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。
A sleeping baby = a baby who is sleeping.
Did you know the man talking to Mr Li?=
Did you know the man who was talking to Mr Li?
3. 现在分词表伴随情况
He came into the classroom, carrying a book.
四、过去分词
1. 作宾补
have /get +sth +done 表示请别人干某事
I had my TV repaired last night.
2. 作定语
单一的过去分词作定语，要放在被修饰词的前面，过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。
Have you ever read any books written by Luxun?
Have you ever read any books _____ _____ written by Luxun?
3. 作表语
过去分词作表语已经形容词化
高中非谓语动词教案2
在做单选题，如果遇到非谓语动词，可以根据句中的搭配结构、非谓语的主被动形式和非谓语的“时态”三个角度，从语言的结构到语义由简单到复杂依次排选。
第一步：根据非谓语形式在句中可作的成分来分析空白处可填入的非谓语形式，看能否在不定式、分词和动名词几个形式之间先排除一个或几个。
非谓语动词在句中可作成分一览表
主语宾语表语定语状语宾补
不定式√√√√√√
分词√√√√
动名词√√√√
注：1).theÇ分词也可用作主语和宾语;
2).现在分词完成式不作定语。
1. 非谓语形式作主语或宾语时，除“theÇ分词”外一般只能用不定式或动名词。其中不定式作介词的宾语时要使用“特殊疑问词Ç不定式”结构。
例如：1).It’s very kind of you to help us.
2).Fighting broke out between the South and the North.
3).The driver failed to see other cars at the moment .
4).Please show us how to do that.
2. 作状语时，不定式表示目的以及so/as¼to do和(only)to do中的结果状语，其它状语都用分词来表示。
例如：1).To sleep late the next morning,he turned off the alarm clock.
(“非谓语Ç主句”模式中，非谓语在句首而且由逗号与主句隔开，此句中的不定式只作目的状语;此时的分词表示时间、原因或条件状语，有时分词前可加when,while,if,before, after,as和though等连词，如：①Given more attention,the trees could have grown better. ②When asked,never be silent.)
2).He came here only to say good-bye to us.
(不定式在句中作目的状语时它前面不能用逗号)
3).He spoke a lot at the conference,only to show his ignorance on the topic.
(不定式在主句之后，又有逗号与主句隔开时常用(only)to do形式表示出乎主语意料的结果)
第二步：在第一步的基础上从非谓语的主被动形式这个角度进行筛选。