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高中英语非谓语动词教案

时间:2020-12-09 12:46:25 教案 我要投稿

高中英语非谓语动词教案

  所谓教案的艺术性就是构思巧妙,能让学生在课堂上不仅能学到知识,而且得到艺术的欣赏和快乐的体验。教案要成为一篇独具特色“课堂教学散文”或者是课本剧。所以,开头、经过、结尾要层层递进,扣人心弦,达到立体教学效果。教师的说、谈、问、讲等课堂语言要字斟句酌,该说的一个字不少说,不该说的一个字也不能说,要做到恰当的安排。

高中英语非谓语动词教案

  高中英语非谓语动词教案1

  非谓语动词

  【非谓语动词】

  构成:(to)+动词原形 动词不定式

  非 在句中的作用(除谓语动词外的任何成分) 谓 构成:V.-ing 语 动名词

  动 用法(主、宾、表、定) 词

  构成:V. -ing / V.-ed(规则变化) 分词

  用法(表、补、定、状)

  (一)动名词

  一、动名词的构成:动名词一般由“动词原形+ing”构成 二、动名词的句法功能 功能 例句

  说明

  主语

  Eating too much is bad for your health. 吃得太多对你的健康有害。

  谓语动词用单数形式。

  宾语 动词宾语

  介词宾语 I like playing basketball very much.我非常喜欢打篮球。

  Stamps are used for sending letters.邮票是被用来寄信的。

  表示一般的习惯或抽象行为或经常性的动作。 表语 His hobby is collecting stamps. =Collecting stamps is his hobby. 多数情况下,动名词作表语可转化成作主语。

  定语

  She is in the reading room.她在阅览室。

  We should improve our teaching methods.我们应该改进教学方法。

  只表明它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等。置于所修饰词之前。

  注意:英语中有一些词后面常跟动名词作宾语。我们初中阶段常见的有:finish, mind, be worth, be busy, practice, have fun, have trouble/problem(in), spend...(in), feel like, be used to(习惯于), give up, keep on, consider, suggest, can't help。我们可按下面的顺口溜记忆这些词。 完成实践值得忙(finish, practice, be worth, be busy) 继续习惯别放弃(keep on, be used to, give up)

  考虑建议不禁想(consider, suggest, can't help, feel like) 喜欢思念要介意(enjoy, miss, mind)

  (二)动词不定式 一、动词不定时的构成

  不定时的基本形式为:to+动词原形,有时可以不用to,这里的to 是不定式符号,本身无词义,动词不定式的否定形式是not+(to+)动词原形。

  二、动词不定式的句法功能 功能 例句 说明

  主语

  To speak English is not easy for us=It is not easy for us to speak English. 讲英语对我们来说不容易。

  作主语用的不定式,常常用it作形式主语,而把不定式放在后面。 表语 My work is to clean the room everyday.=To clean the room every day is my work. 我的工作就是每天打扫这间

  屋子。

  多数情况下,不定式作表语,可转换作为

  主语。

  宾语 —What sports does he like to play?他喜欢做什么运动? —He likes to play basketball.他喜欢打篮球。 只能做某些动词的宾语,一般不作介词的宾语。

  宾补

  My mother made me play the piano all the time. 我妈妈让我一直弹钢琴。

  在make,let,see,hear,watch等使役、感官动词后,不定式省略to。

  定语 Have you got anything to say? 你有要说的吗?

  不定式作定语,要放在所修饰词的后面。 状语 I'm sorry to trouble you.(表原因)很抱歉,给你添麻烦

  了。

  I went to the library to study English.(表目的)

  不定式作状语,其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致。

  1. 不定式作主语

  动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语放在句末

  其结构为:It+be+adj.(+ for/ of sb.)+动词不定式

  如:To learn English well is useful.→ It is useful to learn English well. It’s important for us to protect the environment.

  注意:在kind,good,nice,clever等表示人的品质的形容词后,不用for而用of。如: It's very kind of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好啦。 It's very clever of you to do like that. 你那样做真是太聪明啦。 2. 不定式作宾语

  ①󰀀 有些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语,常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的,如: would like, like, want, wish, hope, decide, plan, expect等。如: Would you like to see a film this evening? 你今晚想去看电影吗?

  ②在find, think后跟不定式作宾语时,常用it代替,而将真正的宾语放在后面。如: I find it easy to read English every day. ③常见的一些不带to的动词不定式

  Why not do..., Why don't you do..., had better(not)do..., would rather do

  could/would/will you please(not)do...

  I would rather stay in the room.我宁愿待在房间里。 3. 不定式作宾语补足语

  不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。如: Lucy asked him to turn down the radio. 露西让他关小收音机。

  tell, ask, want, allow, get, would like, encourage后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。如: My mother encourages me to learn Japanese. 我妈妈鼓励我学日语。

  注意:还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补,这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有:

  一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen to)、三让(let, make, have)、四看(look at, see, watch, notice)。但变被动语态时,必须加上to。如:

  My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss. 老板让我的朋友们工作了一整夜。 4. 不定式作定语

  ①不定式作定语时,应放在名词之后。它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。

  ②如果是不及物动词,且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系,要在不定式后加上适当的介词。 There is nothing to worry about. 没有什么可担心的。

  5.不定式常和疑问词what, which, when, where, how连用,相当于一个宾语从句。如: The teacher is telling the students what to do. 老师正告诉学生们做什么。 He didn't know where to go. 他不知道去哪里。

  非谓语动词

  定义:动词除在句子中作谓语以外,还具有名词、形容词及副词的性质,在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等,这就是动词的非谓语动词。可分为三种:动词不定式、分词和动名词。

  一.后面可跟动词的ing形式的情况

  1.动词: finish doing sth.完成做某事;enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事;practice doing sth. 练习做某事;imagine doing,想象做某事;avoid doing sth.避免做某事;consider doing sth.考虑做某事;suggest doing sth.建议做某事;mind doing sth.介意做某事; keep doing sth.持续做某事 2.固定短语: feel like doing sth.喜欢做某事;be busy doing sth.忙于做某事;be worth doing 值得做某事;spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间(金钱)做某事; have difficult/trouble in doing sth做某事有困难;have fun doing.做某事高兴

  3.介词后(on, in, of, about, at, with, without, for, from, up, by等)

  如:be good at doing sth.;thank you for doing sth.;give up doing sth.;stop sb. from doing sth.;do well in doing sth.;be afraid of doing sth.;be interested in doing sth.;be proud of;instead of;be fond of

  4.to作介词的情况look forward to doing sth期望做某事; prefer doing sth. to doing sth与…相比较更喜欢…; pay attention to doing注意做某事; be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事;

  二.后面可跟动词的不定式形式的情况

  1.动词:agree to do同意去做;afford to do买得起;decide to do决定去做某事;hope to do希望去做;wish to do希望去做;fail to do做某事失败去;plan to do打算去做;pretend to do假装去做; refuse to do拒绝去做;would like to do想要去做;want to do想要去做某事;learn to do 学做;prefer to do sth. 喜欢(爱)做某事;sb. seem to do sth好像做某事;want/would like to do sth.