初中英语从句知识点总结

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初中英语从句知识点总结

　　在我们上学期间，大家对知识点应该都不陌生吧？知识点就是掌握某个问题、知识的学习要点。为了帮助大家掌握重要知识点，下面是小编为大家收集的初中英语从句知识点总结，希望能够帮助到大家。

初中英语从句知识点总结

　　初中英语从句知识点总结 1

　　从句分为定语从句，状语从句和名词从句三大类。定语从句又分为限定性和非限定性从句两种，由关系代词或关系副词引导，修饰主句的某个成分。状语从句分为时间、结果、让步、原因、条件及行为方式状语从句。名词从句包括主语、宾语、表语和同位语从句及there be句型。

　　1.定语从句

　　限定性定语从句中that可代表人和事，而which只代表事;二者在从句中作主语或宾语。that作宾语时常可省略，which则不能，而且其后的“不及物动词+介词’’中的介词不能省略。which作宾语时，先行词与which之间的介词不能省。例如：

　　1.The first doll that could say“mama”was invented in 1830.

　　2.The second half of his voyage was by far the more dangerous part，during which he sailed round the Cape Horn.

　　代表a11，anything，something，nothing，much等词时，用that而不用which，that作宾语可省略。例如：

　　1.I care anything that has something to do with it.

　　2.Youd better do something he prefers to do to please him.

　　3.That is the last time we met each other.

　　4.I came across the woman you told me about yesterday.

　　who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句的主语和宾语。where是关系副词，用于表示地点的定语从句，而when用来表示时间。whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语。例如：

　　1.Henry Ford is the person who is most responsible for developing the idea of mass production.

　　2.The knee is the joint where the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg.

　　3.The next morning, when she came down to breakfast , Mary was beaming with the pleasure of a new，great discovery.

　　4.The visiting professor is a famous scientist whose son studies in my department.

　　在下列情况，限定性定语从句的关系代词可以省略：

　　1)当关系代词在从句中作宾语或表语;或它们在从句中作介词的宾语，而该介词又在句末时;

　　2)当先行词是that，all，only，everything，something，nothing等代词时，或先行词前有一个最高级形容词修饰时;

　　3)当先行词前有only，any，all，first，no，last等修饰时，或先行词就是time，moment，way(anyway)，direction，distance等名词时，关系代词即可省略。例如：

　　1.The delegation we had been waiting for finally arrived.

　　2.I met the woman you told me about.

　　3.She gave me all she could afford.

　　4.With TV we can see things happen almost at the exact moment they are happening.

　　非限定性定语从句，其作用为：对所修饰的成分作进一步的说明，它与主句用逗号隔开。此类从句省略后其余部分仍可成立。在非限定性定语从句中，which可代表前面的整个句子;代表人时只能用who，whom，而不能用that;as也可用作关系代词。例如：

　　1.The telephone，as we know，was the invention of Alexander Graham Bell.

　　2.The Little White House in Warm Springs was the Georgia home President 3.Franklin D.Roosevelt，who died there on April 12，1945.

　　4.Living in a damp house for a long time is harmful to one’s health，which is known to everyone.

　　2.状语从句

　　状语从句可分为：时间状语从句(主要由when，whenever，after，before，a5，slnce，once，assoonas，Until，while等连词引导)，结果状语从句(由so…that和such…that连接)，让步状语从句(由though，although, no matter，even if, however，whatever等词引导)，原因状语从句(由as，because，since和for引导)，条件状语从句(由if, whether，as long as，provided that等词引导)，地点状语从句(由where引导)，行为方式状语从句(由as引导)。有时条件状语从句中，主句不可以用将来时，而用一般时代替。例如：

　　1.The small greenish flowers of the elm tree appear in the Spring, long before the leaves grow.

　　2.QiongYaos novels used to be so popular that her books appeared on best-seller lists.

　　3.Gas balloon is less safe than hot balloon because it may catch fire.

　　4.Uniform acceleration (同样的加速) occurs if the rate of change remains the same over successive equal intervals of time.

　　5.Thousands of Chinese college students went to the US Consulate 6.Shanghai，where they protested NATOs bombing at Chinas Embassy in Yugoslavia.

　　状语从句中的 “主语+be”可以省略，前提是：从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句谓语“be”省略后的结构为“连词+现在分词/过去分词介词短语/形容词/名词短语”。) 例如：

　　1.When well fitted, glasses can correct most sight defects in healthy eyes.

　　2.If necessary，I would like to see you in your office.

　　3.Although seriously wounded，he never complained.

　　3.名词从句

　　名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句，其中有介词与形容词的宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

　　1)主语从句

　　主语从句常出现在it is+名词、形容词、分词+主语从句”的形式中。例如：

　　1.It is reported that Taiwanese pop singer Meng Tingwei will hold a solo concert in Shanghai someday this month.

　　2.It must be pointed out that you have failed to meet the deadline.

　　3.It usually happened that I was late because of traffic jams.

　　主语从句还可用when，where，how，why，whether等连接副词，和who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever等连接代词来引起。例如：

　　1.How to arrange the meeting is not your task.

　　2.Whose candidate will win the election is the question both political parties are asking.

　　3.When I leave is my own decision.

　　4.Whoever will go to the party wont change my mind of staying at home.

　　2)宾语从句

　　宾语从句可由that, 疑问代词或副词how，why和where等引出。例如：

　　1.To postpone the conference until next month indicated that they were unprepared.

　　2.Nearly a11 the staff agreed with what I said.

　　3.Everyone worried about her because no one was aware of where she had gone.

　　4.Could you offer more details except that it happened at night?

　　由what，whether，how引导的宾语从句可用在介词后，而由that引导的从句只跟but，besides，except，in, save之后。例如：

　　1.I can hardly believe in what they have done.

　　2.He doesn’t know my phone number except that the city code is 021.

　　一些表语性的形容词，如：alarmed，amazed，annoyed，astonished, certain，confident, disappointed, glad, pleased, proud, sad, shocked, sure, surprised, worried, ect.做表语时，后面可跟由that, how等引导的宾语从句。例如：

　　1.I was amazed how he could pass the exam without attending the lectures.

　　2.He is confident that he will pass the Band 6 examination.

　　3.She was surprised how simple his problem is.

　　4.We are all pleased that he will be able to pass the final examination.

　　3)表语从句

　　表语从句对主语的内容起解释和阐述的作用;若表语从句用that引起，that起连接作用，不能省略。b表语从句也可用连接词how，when，where，why，what引起。由because引起的表语从句通常只用在“this/that/it is because” 结构中。例如：

　　1.A logarithm(对数) is what is known in algebra exponent(代数的指数).

　　2.One thing I admire most about them is that they are hospitable.

　　3.She works too hard;That is why she is exhausted.

　　4.I must point out that where you intend to build a super-market is where the elderly do exercise every day.

　　4)同位语从句

　　同位语从句是由两个或两个以上同一层次语言单位组成的结构，其中前项与后项所指相同，句法功能相同。同位语从句由that引导，也可由whether，how，why，where, when等来引导。例如：

　　1.She ignored the teachers instruction that she must study hard.

　　2.The question whether or not I should help him in such a case troubled me greatly.

　　初中英语从句知识点总结 2

　　一．主语从句

　　主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。

　　1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较

　　It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如：

　　It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.

　　It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.

　　It is in the morning that the murder took place.

　　It is John that broke the window.

　　2. 用it 作形式主语的结构

　　(1) It is ＋名词＋从句

　　It is a fact that … 事实是…

　　It is an honor that …非常荣幸

　　It is common knowledge that …是常识

　　(2) it is ＋形容词＋从句

　　It is natural that… 很自然…

　　It is strange that… 奇怪的是…

　　(3) it is ＋不及物动词＋从句

　　It seems that… 似乎…

　　It happened that… 碰巧…

　　(4) it ＋过去分词＋从句

　　It is reported that… 据报道…

　　It has been proved that… 已证实…

　　3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况

　　(1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。

　　(2) It is said , (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：

　　It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right)

　　That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong)

　　(3) It happens…, It occurs… 结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：

　　It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (right)

　　That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong)

　　(4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：

　　It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. (right)

　　Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. (wrong)

　　(5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：

　　Is it likely that it will rain in the evening(right)

　　Is that will rain in the evening likely(wrong)

　　4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别

　　What 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如：

　　1) What you said yesterday is right.

　　2) That she is still alive is a consolation.

　　二．宾语从句

　　宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。

　　1. 作动词的宾语

　　(1) 由that引导的宾语从句（that 通常可以省略）,例如：

　　I heard that be joined the army.

　　(2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如：

　　1) She did not know what had happened.

　　2) I wonder whether you can change this note for me.

　　(3) 动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。例如：

　　She told me that she would accept my invitation.

　　2. 作介词的宾语

　　例如：Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.

　　3. 作形容词的宾语

　　例如：I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake.

　　That 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：

　　Anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。

　　4. It 可以作为形式宾语

　　It 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。例如：

　　We heard it that she would get married next month..

　　5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词

　　这类动词有Allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。例如：

　　I admire their winning the match. (right)

　　I admire that they won the match. (wrong)

　　6. 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词

　　有些动词不可用于“动词＋间接宾语＋that从句“结构中，常见的有Envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。例如：

　　He impressed the manager as an honest man. (right)

　　He impressed the manager that he was an honest man. (wrong)

　　7. 否定的转移

　　若主句谓语动词为Think, consider, wuppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如：

　　I don’t think this dress fits you well.（我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。）

　　三．表语从句

　　表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外，常用的还有the reason is that… 和It is because 等结构。例如：

　　1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.

　　2) This is why we can’t get the support of the people

　　3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.

　　4) The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.

　　四．同位语从句

　　同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。

　　1. 同位语从句的功能

　　同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，例如：

　　1) The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.

　　2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.

　　2. 同位语在句子中的位置

　　同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例如：

　　He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.

　　3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别

　　(1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。

　　(2) 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述定的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例如：

　　1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）

　　2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。）（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分）

　　初中英语从句知识点总结 3

　　PART1：英语从句三大类型按一般说法，可分为三大类14种从句。

　　一、名词性从句

　　1、主语从句Whether its right or not remains to be seen.

　　2、宾语从句I wonder whether its right or not.

　　3、同位语从句This is a question whether its right or not.

　　4、表语从句The question is whether its right or not.

　　二、定语从句

　　1、限定性定语从句She is the student who can speak English well.

　　2、非限定性定语从句She is the student,who can speak English well.

　　三、状语从句

　　1、时间状语从句The fact will come out when he comes here.

　　2、地点状语从句You can go wherever you like.

　　3、原因状语从句Pay more attention to your lessons because you are a student.

　　4、方式状语从句He walks as if he were a king.

　　5、目的状语从句She went to Japan so that she could learn Japanese well.

　　6、结果状语从句She went to Japan so that she learned Japanese well.

　　7、条件状语从句I will understand it if he tells me.

　　8、让步状语从句He knows a lot though he is little.

　　PART2：经典名词性从句

　　主语从句(subject clauses)在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的词有从属连词、、关系代词、连接副词等。引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词that、whether，关系代词：who, what, which , whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever；关系副词：when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever等。

　　That you don’t like himis none of my business.你不喜欢她不管我的事。

　　What he saidis true. 他说的是真的。

　　Do you rememberhow he arrived almost at the end of the party?你记得他几乎是在宴会快结束时才到的吗？ This partys reallywhere its at, man! 啊，这个晚会真棒！

　　Tell ushow you fulfilled the heavy task ahead of schedule.告诉我们,你们是怎样提前完成这一艰巨任务的。

　　We have reason to believethat the fighting on the border may develop into a full-blown war.(喻)我们有理由相信边境上的冲突可能发展成一场全面战争。

　　He saidthat he would come. 他说他要来。

　　Whether the football game will be playeddepends on the weather.足球比赛是否举行将视天气而定。

　　表语从句用作表语的从句叫作表语从句，它位于主句中的连系动词之后。引导表语从句的词有从属连词that、whether、as though(if)；关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等；关系副词when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等。可以接表语从句的连系动词由be, look, remain, seem等。That引导表语从句时，在口语中，间或可以省略。

　　The trouble isthat we are short of money.困难是我们资金短缺。

　　That iswhy stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因。

　　At that time, it seemedas if I couldnt think of the right word anyhow.当时,我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。

　　宾语从句(object clauses)用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句的位置与陈述句基本结构中的宾语相同。宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可以作介词和非谓语动词（动词不定式、动名词、分词）和某些形容词的宾语。宾语从句可以由从属连词that whether、if，关系代词what, who, whose, which和关系副词when、where、how、why等引导。

　　He saidhe wanted to go to town. 他说他想去城里。

　　I hopeyoull be better soon.我希望你能很快好起来。

　　I’m so gladthat you were able to come to this party.你能设法抽空出席这个交际会，我很高兴。

　　I know nothing about it exceptwhat I have read in the papers.除了在报上读到的以外,我对这件事一无所知。

　　Most of the Chinese people usually go to work on the bike exceptwhen it rains.除了雨天,大多数中国人一般都骑自行车上班。

　　He asked mewhether she was coming. 他问我，她来还是不来。

　　同位语从句用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在抽象名词fact，idea，news，hope，belief，thought，truth，doubt，suggestion，warning, instruction，reason，information, question等之后，对这些名词进行说明或解释。引导同位语从句的词除连词that，whether外，还有关系代词what, which, who, 以及关系副词how，when，where，why等。

　　It is a factthat smoking is a danger to health.吸烟危害健康，这是事实。

　　I have no ideawhat you mean.我一点儿也不明白你的意思。

　　He made the suggestionthat we go by train. 他建议我们坐火车去。

　　There is no doubtthat he is guilty. 毫无疑问，他是有罪的。

　　PART3：经典定语从句

　　1.窗户朝南的那间房间是我的。

　　The room whose window faces south is mine.=The room of which the window faces south is mine.

　　1.整座城市躺在废墟中，其中百分子75的工厂和大楼消失不见了。

　　The whole city, 75% of whose factories and buildings were gone, lay in ruins.

　　2.我们公司有2000工人，三分之二是女工。

　　Our company has 2000 workers, of whom two thirds/ two thirds of whom are women.

　　3.那些被困在废墟里的人已经得救了。

　　Those who were trapped under the ruins finally got rescued.

　　4.你们刚才谈论的那场地震好可怕呀！

　　The earthquake that you were talking about sounded frightening/shocking.=The earthquake about which you were talking sounded frightening.

　　5.我的家人都是音乐爱好者，今晚将去看电影。

　　My family, all of whom are music lovers, are going to the movie tonight.

　　6.我们正在看的这幢大楼过去曾经是一家医院。

　　The building which we are looking at used to be a hospital.

　　7.约翰向母亲说起过把他在国外见过的人和城市。

　　John once talked to his mom about the people and cities that he had visited abroad.

　　8.他是去过伦敦的一位以观光者之一。

　　He is one of the tourists who have been to London.

　　9.他是这些观光者当中唯一去过伦敦的。

　　He is the only one of the visitors that/who has been to London.

　　10.这就是你们上个礼拜参观过的学校吗？

　　Is this the school that you visited last Sunday?

　　11.这所学校就是你们上个礼拜参观过的那所吗？

　　Is this school the one that you visited last Sunday?

　　12.他们曾经居住过的是在这个地方里。

　　It is in this place that he once lived.

　　13.这是他们曾经住过的地址。

　　It is the place where he once lived.

　　14.他有两个儿子，每一位都看起来像他。

　　He has two sons, either of whom looks like him.

　　15.他有连个儿子，并且每一个都看起来像他。

　　He has two sons, and either of them looks like him.

　　16.这是一本封面是蓝色的书。

　　17.This is a book whose cover is blue.=This is a book,of which the cover is blue=This is a book,the cover of which is blue.

　　18.他不说令她生气的话。He said nothing that made her angry.

　　19.那就是他拒绝在会上发言的理由。That was the reason why/for which he refused to speak at the meeting. =That was the reason which/that he refused to speak for at the meeting.

　　20.那就是前几天麦克给我的理由。

　　That was the reason that/which Mac gave me.

　　21.正如我们大家都知道的一样，比尔盖茨创建了微软公司。

　　As is known to us all, Bill Gates founded Microsoft on his own.

　　22.比尔盖茨创建了微软公司是我们大家都知道的。

　　It is known to us all that Bill Gates founded Microsoft on his own.=That Bill Gates founded his own Microsoft is known to us all.

　　23.是他那夹杂着乡村音乐，布鲁斯音乐和福音的风格成就了他的名气。你是同谁一起去看的电影？

　　It is his voice, with his country, blues and Gospel styles, that made him famous. Who was it that you went to the movie together with?=With whom was it that you went to the movie together..

　　24.他不像是那种把工作留下一半的那种人。

　　He isn’t such a man as would leave his work half done.

　　25.我要用与你们工厂里用过相同的那种工具。

　　I prefer to use the same tools as were used in your factory.

　　26.我丢了一本书，书名我一时记不起来了。

　　I have lost a book whose title escapes me at the moment.=I lost a book,of which the title escapes me at the moment.

　　27.像你在读的那本小说我不欣赏。

　　I don’t enjoy such a book as you are reading.=I don’t appreciate the same book as you are reading.

　　28.擦黑板的那一位应该受到表扬

　　The one who cleans the blackboard should be praised.。

　　29.我在初中度过的那三年我永远不会忘记。

　　I will never forget the three years that I spent in the junior middle school

　　30.那不是我做事情的方法。

　　That isn’t the way( in which/that) I do it.

　　31.他们能用不同的方法拼写单词，这是你们发现有趣的方法。

　　They could spell words in different ways which/that you might find interesting.=They could spell words by different means that /which you might find interesting.

　　32.照现在的样子抄写这个表达词语，不要有任何更改。

　　Copy this expression as it is; don’t make any change.

　　33.我们将尝试着帮助家长改善他们与孩子交谈的方式。

　　We will try to help parents improve the ways (that/in which) they talk with their children.

　　34.只有用这种方法才会停止比尔盖茨的快速成功。

　　Only in this way/by this means can Bill Gates’ quick success be stopped.=Only in this way/By this means can they stop Bill Gate‘s quick success。

　　35.这位在救援中左脚受伤的士兵，年仅二十岁。

　　The soldier whose left foot got wounded during the rescue is only twenty years old.

　　36.他们破坏法律的方式开始的时候是和平的。

　　At first the ways that/in which they broke the laws were peaceful.

　　PART4：经典状语从句

　　1．条件状语从句：

　　1）Lets go out for a walkunlessyou are too tired.(除非,若不；相当于if---not)

　　即：If you are too tired,we’ll not go out for a walk.

　　2）You may borrow my bookas long asyou keep it clean.(只要，表示条件的唯一性)

　　3）Take your umbrellain caseit rains.（以防---，以免---）

　　4）I can tell you the truthon condition thatyou promise to keep a secret.(条件是---)

　　5）Supposingit rains, shall we continue the sports meeting?(如果,假如)

　　6）He wont be against us in the meetingprovided/providingthat we ask for his advice in advance.(假如,除非以……为条件)

　　7）You will be successful in the interviewonceyou have confidence.(一旦---就--)

　　2.时间状语从句：

　　1）Whenshe came in, I stopped eating. (当---的时候，表示“瞬时动词”)

　　2）Whilemy wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. (当---的时候，was reading是延续性的动词，was reading和was watching同时发生)

　　3）I like playing footballwhileyou like playing basketball.（然而，表示“对比”）

　　4）Aswe was going out, it began to snow.（as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间）

　　5）We always singaswe walk.（as表示“一边……一边”）

　　6）Einstein almost knocked me downbeforehe saw me.(“在---之前”或“----才”)

　　7）My father had left for Canadajust beforethe letter arrived.（“刚好在---之前”或“---就”）

　　8）Afteryou think it over, please let me know what you decide.（在---之后）

　　9）Ididntgo to beduntil（till）my father came back.(“直到----才”，主句中的动词为非延续性动词)

　　10）I workeduntilhe came back. (“直到----才”，主句中的动词为延续性动词)

　　11) Where have you beensinceI last saw you? (自从---)

　　12)I will go theredirectlyI have finished my breakfast.(一----就---，另外有immediately, instantly)

　　13)The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spot. (一----就---，另外有the instant, the minute，ect.)

　　14)As soon asI reachCanada, I will ring you up. (一----就---)

　　15)He hadno soonerarrived homethanhe was asked to start on another journey.(一----就---,另外有hardly/scarcely----when---)

　　16)By the timeyou came back, I had finished this book.(“到---时为止”，从句是一般过去时，主句是过去完成时。)

　　17)By the timeyou come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work. (“到---时为止”，从句是一般现在时，主句是将来完成时。)

　　18)Each timehe came to Harbin, he would call on me.( “每当---的时候”或“每次”，复习each time, every time和whenever)

　　3．有关时间状语从句的重点句型

　　1）It will befour daysbeforethey come back. (It will be--- before---过很久才----)

　　2）It won’t befour daysbeforethey come back.( It won’t be---before---不久就---)

　　2）It was not untilthe meeting was overthathe began to teach me English.(“ It was not until---that----” not until的强调句型)

　　3）Not untilthe meeting was over did he begin to teach me English.( not until的倒装句型。)

　　4)It is/has beenfive monthssinceour boss was in Beijing.我们老板离开北京有五个月了。(“It is/has been---since”自从---以来多长时间)

　　5)Hardlyhad I sat downwhenhe stepped in.我刚坐下，他就进来了。（“hardly/scarcely----when---”/同“no sooner ---than”注意时态的应用。）

　　4．原因状语从句

　　1)The sweater shrankbecauseit was washed badly. (强调“直接原因”)

　　2)Since [As]we’ve no money, we can’t buy it.（由于）

　　3)Sinceyou are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics.（“既然”强调双方共知的原因,复习“now (that),seeing (that)，considering (that)，in that”）

　　4）He could not have seen me,forI was not there.( for引导的原因状语从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因，只提供一些辅助性的补充说明，for引导的原因状语从句只能放于主句之后并且必须用逗号将其与主句隔开。)

　　5）The country isnotstrongbecauseit is large.国强不在大。(“not ... because”结构中的not否定的是because引导的整个从句)

　　5．结果状语从句

　　1)There issorapid an increase in populationthata food shortage is caused.(太---以至于)

　　2) They aresuchfine teachersthatwe all hold them in great respect. (太---以致于)

　　3) It was very cold,so thatthe river froze.（以致于）

　　4)注意状语从句与too….to..enough to…, so… as to结构的不同。

　　6．目的状语从句

　　1）You must speak louderso that /in order thatyou can be heard by all.(为了；以便)

　　2）He wrote the name downfor fear that(生怕，以免)he should forget it.

　　3）Better take more clothesin case(以免)the weather is cold.

　　4)Say it louder(so)that everyone can hear you.(以便)

　　7．让步状语从句

　　1）Although/Thoughhe was worn out, (still) he kept on working.(虽然，纵然,尽管)

　　2) Objectasyou may, I’ll go.(虽然，纵然，尽管)

　　3)Hardas/ thoughhe works, he makes little progress. (虽然，纵然，尽管)

　　4)Childas/thoughhe was, he knew what was the right thing to do. (虽然，纵然，尽管)

　　5) We’ll make a tripeven if/thoughthe weather is bad. (“即使……”)

　　6) Youll have to attend the ceremonywhether youre freeorbusy. (“不论是否……”，“不管是……还是……”)

　　7)No matter whoyou are, you must keep the law.(=Whoeveryou are, you must keep the law.（无论谁，复习no matter +疑问词引导的状语从句。）

　　8）WhileI like the colour, I dont like the shape.（尽管）

　　8．方式状语从句

　　1）Just aswe sweep our rooms,sowe should sweep backward ideas from our minds.

　　2）They completely ignore these factsas if (as though)they never existed.

　　3）说明：as if / as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语，例如：He stared at meas if seeing me for the first time.（他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。）

　　He cleared his throatas if to say something.（他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。）

　　The waves dashed on the rocksas if in anger.（波涛冲击着岩石，好像很愤怒。）

　　4）Please pronounce the wordthe wayI do.(用---方式)

　　5）Leave the thingsasthey are.(按照---)

　　9．比较状语从句

　　1）You seem to know musicas well asyou know astronomy.(as---as 结构)

　　2）There wasnogardenso lovely ashis in this city. (no so---as 结构)

　　3）There were not so many tickets available as were asked for. (not so---as 结构)

　　4）Finally he has madeas much money ashe wanted. (as +adj +n.+as 结构)

　　5）Your watch is notthe same ashis.(the same as结构)

　　6）I never metsucha manasyour younger brother.(such---as 结构)

　　7）She studiesmore diligently thanher classmates.(more than结构)

　　8）Noother book has had agreaterinfluence on my life.(否定词和比较级连用表示最高级含义。)

　　9）This teacher explained the problem more clearly thanany other teacher. (比较级与 “any other one”连用表示最高级含义。)

　　10）The more you read, the better will you write.(the more----the more 结构)11) He earnedno more than800 dollars a month. 他一个月只挣800美元。（no +比较级+than结构）.

　　10．地点状语从句

　　1)Wherethere is a will, there is a way.

　　2)You should have put the bookwhereyou found it.

　　3)Whereverthere is smoke , there is fire.

　　4) When you read the book, you’d better make a markwhereyou have any questions.

　　5) You should make it a rule to leave thingswhereyou can find them again

　　初中英语从句知识点总结 4

　　一、比较状语从句

　　引导比较状语从句的从属连词为as...as(和……一样)，not as/so...as(和……不一样)，than(比)，the more...the more(越……越)。这类从句常以省略形式出现。如：

　　The work is not so difficult as you imagine. 这工作不像你想像的那么困难。

　　You look younger than you are. 你看上去比你的实际年龄要年轻。

　　The more you study, the more knowledge you can get. 你学的知识越多，你的知识越丰富。

　　He doesn’t work as hard as she (does). 他工作不像她那样努力。

　　二、方式状语从句

　　引导方式状语从句的从属连词有as(正如)，as if或as though(好像)等。如：

　　Do as I told you. 按我告诉你的那样做。

　　As a man lives, so he dies. 正如人能活，也能死。

　　I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday. 整个这件事我记得很清楚，就仿佛是昨天发生似的。

　　注：口语中like也可用连词引导方式状语从句。如：

　　Do it like he does. 照他那样做。

　　She can’t cook like her mother does. 她菜做得没有她妈那样好。

　　初中英语从句知识点总结 5

　　一、关系代词引导的定语从句

　　1、由who, whom, that，Whose引导的从句

　　这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，who作主语指人，whom作宾语指人，that既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语可以省略)，可以指人也可以指物。Whose 用来指人或物，只用作定语。

　　(1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那个想见你的男人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)

　　(2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

　　(3) The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher 你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师

　　(4) he man whose son is a doctor is our professor. 那个儿子是医生的男人是我们的教授。

　　2、由which, that引导的从句

　　它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，作宾语时可以省略，例如：

　　(1) Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在从句中作主语)

　　(2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那个包裹快要散开了。(which / that在从句中作宾语)

　　注意：代表物时多用which，但在下列情况中用that而不用which：

　　a)先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时;

　　b)先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时，这时的that常被省略;

　　c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时;

　　d)先行词中既有人又有物时;

　　e)整个句中前面已有which，who,that时;

　　f)当先行词为物并作表语时;

　　g)先行词为one时;

　　h)先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时;

　　二、关系副词引导的定语从句

　　1、when指时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用

　　I still remember the day when I first came to the school.

　　2、where指地点在定语从句中做地点状语　　 Shanghai is the city where I was born.

　　3、why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语，用在reason 后面。 Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.

　　初中英语从句知识点总结 6

　　用一个句子作状语，这个句子就是状语从句。状语从句通常用来修饰句子、动词或形容词，表示时间、地点、条件、原因、目的、结果、方式、比较等。引导状语从句的连词叫从属连词。

　　时间状语从句

　　在句中相当于时间状语的从句叫时间状语从句。时间状语从句常由从属连词when，while，as，before，after，as soon as，since，till，until等引导。如：

　　What are you going to be when you grow up ?你长大以后打算干什么?

　　I will phone you as soon as I get there .我一到那儿就给你打电话。

　　1.引导时间状语从句的从属连词及用法

　　(1)when，while，as引导时间状语从句意为“当……时”。如：

　　When the clock struck twelve ，all the lights went out.当时钟敲了十二下，灯全部都熄了。

　　While Peter was reading ，his wife was cooking.彼得看书的时候，他妻子在做饭。

　　He dropped the glass as he stood up .他站起来时，把杯子摔碎了。

　　注意：

　　①when表示“当……时”，多用来表示时间点，也可表示时间段;从句中既可以用非延续性动词，也可用延续性动词;when 从句多用一般过去时，主句时态没有限制，根据具体情况而定;在将来时态中，常用when引导从句，且从句须用一般现在时代替将来时;when表示时间段时可与while通用，但从句中必须用延续性动词。如：

　　I was just reading a book when she came into my room.她走进我房间时，我正在看书。

　　When I got to the airport，the guests had left.当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。

　　When the manager comes here for a visit next week，Ill talk with him about this.下周经理来这参观时，我会和他谈谈此事。

　　②while表示“当……的时候;在……之时;在……期间”，所引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词或表示状态的动词，且通常用进行时。如：

　　While my wife was reading the newspaper，I was watching TV.当妻子在看报纸的时候，我在看电视。

　　You cant do your homework while youre watching TV.你不能一边看电视一边做家庭作业。

　　③as引导时间状语从句时，从句的谓语动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是非延续性的。当从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词，表示“当……的时候”时，往往可以与when或while通用，但as更侧重主句与从句的行为同时发生，常译作“随着……;一边……，一边……”。如：

　　Kate read the book as she went along.凯特边走边读书。

　　We took notes as we listened to the lecture.我们边听课边记笔记。

　　(2)before引导时间状语从句意为“在……之前”。如：

　　Dont jump off the train before it stops.火车停之前不要往下跳。

　　Look at both ways before you cross the road.过马路之前左右两边都要看。

　　I didnt know any English before I came here。我来这儿之前，一点英语都不懂。

　　(3)after引导时间状语从句意为“在……之后”。如：

　　Ill have a walk after I finish my work.我做完事后要去散步。

　　After he locked the door，he left.他锁上门之后就走了。

　　注意：

　　为了表明动作的先后，从句中动词可用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时。如：

　　After he had finished his work，he played a game of chess with his friends.他做完工作后，和朋友下了一会儿棋。

　　(4)until，till引导时间状语从句意为“直到……为止”。如：

　　They waited till/until I returned.他们一直等到我回来。

　　Mr.Wang kept on explaining until the student understood.王先生反复地解释直到学生听懂了为止。

　　注意：

　　①until在肯定句中只与延续性动词连用，在否定句中通常与非延续性动词连用，表示相应动作开始的时间，意为“直到……才”。如：

　　He didnt leave until I came back.直到我回来他才离开。

　　②till用作连词，与until同义，两者经常可换用，只是 until 比 till 稍正式。在正式文体中，一般用 until，而在口语或非正式文体中则两者都可。till多与名词或较短的从句连用，而较长较复杂的成分多用 until;在句子开头时，用 until而不用till。如：

　　She lived in Tokyo till (until)she died.她一直住在东京直到去世。

　　(√)Until he comes back，nothing can be done.在他回来之前，什么也不能做。

　　(×)Till he comes back，nothing can be done.在他回来之前，什么也不能做。

　　(5)since引导时间状语从句意为“自……以来”

　　Since I left school，I have written to him twice.自从我离开学校以来，我已经给他写过两封信。

　　I have not heard from him since he left Shanghai.自从他离开上海以来，我就没有收到过他的来信。

　　注意：

　　since引起的时间状语从句通常用一般过去时态，主句用现在完成时态。如：

　　Ive worked here since I left school.自我离开学校以来我一直在这里工作。

　　(6)as soon as引导时间状语从句意为“一……就……”

　　Ill tell you as soon as I get here.我一到这里就告诉你。

　　I want to see him as soon as he arrives.他一到我就想见他。

　　2.时间状语从句的时态

　　(1)当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，由when，before，after，as soon as，until 等连词引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时。如：

　　I ll tell him the good news as soon as I see him.我一见到他，就告诉他这个好消息。

　　The boy will be a writer when he grows up.这个男孩长大后将成为一名作家。

　　(2)当主句的谓语含有can，may，must等情态动词时，由when，before，after，until，as soon as等引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时。如：

　　You can go home after you finish your homework.你做完作业后就可以回家。

　　When the lights are red，the traffic must stop .红灯亮时，车辆必须停下。

　　You may wait here before your father comes .在你父亲到来之前你可以在这儿等着。

　　(3)当主句的谓语是want，hope，wish等动词的一般现在时形式时，由when，before，after，until，as soon as等引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时。如：

　　He wants to be a doctor when he grows up.他长大后想当一名医生。

　　She wants to work in America when she finishes college.她大学毕业后想在美国工作。

　　(4)当主句是祈使句时，由when，before，after，until等引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时。如：

　　Dont get off the bus until it stops .公共汽车停下来再下车。

　　Please dont go to bed before you finish your homework.在完成作业之前，请不要睡觉。

　　(5)当主句谓语用一般过去时，由when，before，after，until，as soon as等引导的时间状语从句也要用一般过去时。如：

　　They talked about the party after people left .人们离开后，他们谈论这次晚会情况。

　　(6)当before引导的时间状语从句是过去时态，主句一般用过去完成时，有时也用一般过去时。如：

　　She had learned Japanese for three years before she went to Japan.她去日本之前学了三年日语。

　　She didnt know me before she came here.她到这里来之前不认识我。

　　(7)since引导的时间状语从句要用一般过去时，主句的谓语动词要用延续性动词，通常用现在完成时;用非延续性动词时，要用否定式。如：

　　He has waited here since you left .自从你走之后他一直在这等着。

　　He hasnt gone to the school since he finished the school.他毕业后再没去过学校。

　　注意：

　　在It is+时间+since从句结构中，主句用一般现在时，从句用一般过去时。如：

　　It is three years since I began to study English.我开始学英语已经有三年了。

　　3.时间状语从句的位置

　　(1)when，before，after，as，while，as soon as等引导的时间状语从句的位置可位于句首，也可位于句末。放在句首时，从句后通常用逗号与主句隔开，放在句末时，从句与主句之间一般不用逗号，只在句末用句号或问号。如：

　　When you came to see me，I was ready to leave.你来看我时，我正准备离开。

　　You called me while I was watching TV.我在看电视时，你给我打了电话。

　　After she cleaned the classroom，she went home.她打扫完教室后回家了。

　　(2)since引起的时间状语从句通常放在主句的后面。

　　I have learned English since I came to this school.我自从来到这个学校以来就一直在学英语。

　　初中英语从句知识点总结 7

　　（一）时间状语从句

　　表示时间的状语从句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till (until), since, once, as soon as (或the moment ), by the time, no sooner … than, hardly (scarcely) … when, every time等引导。

　　e.g. When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting.

　　He started as soon as he received the news.

　　Once you see him, you will never forget him.

　　No sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep.

　　（二）原因状语从句

　　原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because, since, as , now that(既然)等，for 表示因果关系时(它引导的不是从句)为并列连词，语气不如because强。

　　e.g. He is disappointed because he didnt get the position.

　　As it is raining, I will not go out.

　　Now that you mention it, I do remember.

　　（三）地点状语从句

　　引导地点状语从句的连词是where 和wherever等。

　　e.g. Sit wherever you like.

　　Make a mark where you have a question.

　　（四）目的状语从句

　　引导目的状语从句最常用的词(组)是so, so that(从句谓语常有情态动词), in order that, in case(以防，以免)等。

　　e.g. Speak clearly, so that they may understand you.

　　She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons.

　　He left early in case he should miss the train.

　　（五）结果状语从句

　　结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。由so that (从句谓语一般没有情态动词), so … that, such … that等引导。

　　e.g. She was ill, so that she didn’t attend the meeting.

　　He was so excited that he could not say a word.

　　She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.

　　（六）条件状语从句

　　条件状语从句分真实性(有可能实现的事情)与非真实性(条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情)条件句。引导条件状语从句的词(组)主要有if, unless, so (as) long as, on condition that, so (as) far as, if only ( = if )。注意：条件从句中的if 不能用whether替换。

　　e.g. If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch.

　　You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean.

　　So far as I know(据我所知), he will be away for three months.

　　You can go swimming on condition that ( = if ) you don’t go too far away from the river bank.

　　If he had come a few minutes earlier, he could have seen her.

　　初中英语从句知识点总结 8

　　定语从句做题三步法：

　　1. 找出先行词

　　2. 看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能

　　3.选择合适的关系词

　　4.缺成分，用代词;不缺成分，用副词。

　　关系副词的选择：