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英语作文全球清洁炉灶
Project Seeks to Cut Deaths, Build Market for Clean Cookstoves
This is the VOA Special English Development Report.
Secretary of State Hillary Clinton has announced a plan to get cleaner-burning cooking stoves into developing countries. The plan aims to reduce deaths caused by smoke from the traditional use of solid fuels and open fires.
Almost half the world's people breathe smoke from coal and biomass fuels like wood, dung and crop waste. The smoke can lead to lung cancer, heart disease, low birth weight and other problems. It also increases the risk of pneumonia, a leading cause of death in young children.
Women and children are most at risk because they spend the most time in the kitchen. Also, in areas of conflict, the search for fuel puts women at increased risk of violence.
The goal of the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves is one hundred million homes using safer cookstoves and fuels by twenty twenty.
Secretary Clinton said last week in New York that clean stoves could make as big a difference in the world as bed nets or vaccines.
HILLARY CLINTON: "The World Health Organization considers smoke from dirty stoves to be one of the five most serious health risks that face people in poor, developing countries. Nearly two million people die from its effects each year, more than twice the number from malaria. And because the smoke contains greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane, as well as black carbon, it contributes to climate change."
Founding partners in the alliance include governments and United Nations agencies, nonprofit groups and the energy company Shell. The alliance hopes to raise at least two hundred fifty million dollars within ten years. The United States has promised to donate more than fifty million dollars over the next five years.
The aim is to create a strong global market for clean cookstoves. The alliance will identify target markets and work to get women involved in business operations. It will also develop indoor air-quality guidelines, test clean stoves and fuels and develop "research roadmaps."
The United States Environmental Protection Agency has donated six million dollars towards the effort. EPA Administrator Lisa Jackson says the problem of cookstove pollution is really an issue of poverty.
LISA JACKSON: "This is in many ways the ultimate environmental justice issue. We can't fix everything in their lives immediately but today we're starting a process to help them meet the most basic human need -- cooking a meal in a way that won't cause them harm."
And that's the VOA Special English Development Report, written by June Simms. You can read and listen to our programs -- and learn more about projects in the developing world -- at www.tingvoa.com. I'm Steve Ember.
这里是美国之音特别英语发展报道。
美国国务卿希拉里·克林顿(Hillary Clinton)宣布了一项让清洁燃气炉灶进入发展中国家的计划，该计划旨在降低因使用传统固体燃料和明火产生的浓烟造成的死亡。
世界上有接近一半的人吸入来自煤和诸如木材、粪便、秸秆等生物燃料产生的浓烟。这种浓烟会引发肺癌，心脏病，新生儿体重不足和其他问题，也会增加患肺炎风险。肺炎是导致幼儿死亡的主要病因之一。
妇女和儿童是风险最高的群体，因为他们在厨房花费的时间最长。在战乱地区，寻找燃料也增加了妇女遭受暴力的风险。
全球清洁炉灶联盟的目标是在2020年前，让1亿个家庭用上更安全的炉灶和燃料。
国务卿希拉里上周在纽约称，清洁炉灶的作用于同蚊帐和疫苗一样重要。
希拉里：“世界卫生组织认为，从非清洁炉灶中冒出的浓烟是贫穷和发展中国家人们面临的5个最严重的健康危险之一，每年有200万人因浓烟而死亡，超过疟疾死亡人数的两倍多。而且，由于浓烟中包含像二氧化碳，沼气这些温室气体，以及炭黑，它会导致气候变化。”
该联盟的创建者包括各国政府、联合国机构、非盈利组织和壳牌能源公司。该联盟希望在10年内募集至少2.5亿美元，美国已经承诺在未来5年内捐助5千多万美元。
该联盟目的是创建强大的全球清洁炉灶市场。该联盟将会明确目标市场，并让妇女参与到商业活动中，它还将会制定室内空气质量标准，检测清洁炉灶和燃料，以及绘制“科研蓝图”。
美国环保署已为此捐助了600万美元，署长Lisa Jackson称，炉灶污染确实是贫穷国家的一个问题。
Lisa Jackson：“从很多方面来说，这是最终的环境公平问题。我们无法立刻解决他们生活中的所有问题。但今天我们正在开始做的是，帮助他们满足最基本的人类需求--用一种不伤害身体的方式做饭。”
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