定语从句讲解教案英文

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定语从句讲解教案英文

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定语从句讲解教案英文

　　The Attributive Clause

　　一． ⑴定义：在复合句中，修饰某一个名词或代词的从句

　　⑵定语从句常用关系代词和关系副词引导

　　关系代词：that which who (宾格whom, 所有格whose)

　　关系副词：where when why

　　⑶关系代词和关系副词的功能：

　　①引导一个定语从句

　　②在从句中代替先行词

　　③在定语从句中担任某一句子成分

　　二．关系代词的用法

　　先行词主格宾格所有格

　　人 who whom whose

　　物 that/which that/ which whose/ of which

　　1. 当先行词是人时的三种情况

　　⑴ 从句中缺主语 → who/ that引导

　　I have a friend who/that likes listening to classic music

　　The girl who/that is reading in the classroom is my sister

　　⑵ 从句中缺动词宾语和介词宾语 → whom/that引导,这时whom/that可以省略.*介词后只能用whom,不能用that，这时介词后的whom不能省略

　　The boy is the man (whom/ that) they are looking for.

　　He is the student (whom/ that) you want to see

　　The man with whom he is talking is my brother.

　　⑶ 从句中缺定语时 → whose

　　She is the student whose pronunciation is the best.

　　Do you know the boy whose parents are on holiday?

　　2. 先行词是物时的三种情况

　　⑴ 从句中缺主语时 → that/which引导

　　They planted some trees that/which didn’t need much water

　　他们种了一些不需要太多水的树

　　You’d better not drink water which/that has not been boiled

　　你最好不要喝没开的水

　　⑵ 从句中缺动词宾语或介词宾语时 → that/which引导。

　　*介词后不用that，只能用which

　　This is the house (which/that) once Lu Xun lived in

　　This is the house in which once Lu Xun lived.

　　⑶ 从句中缺定语时 → 用whose或 the + N + of which的结构

　　We study in the classroom whose door (=the door of which) faces south. 我们在那个门朝南开的教室里学习

　　三．关系副词引导的定语从句

　　关系副词例句

　　when

　　(指时间) ⑴ 1949 is the year when the P.R.C was founded

　　⑵ I still remember the day when I first came to the school

　　where

　　(指地点) ⑴ This is the school where he teaches

　　⑵ The factory where his father works is in the city

　　why

　　(指原因) ⑴ This is the reason why he was late for school

　　⑵There are several reasons why he was late for school

　　注：1) that和which在从句中作主语时，不能省略；作宾语时可以省略，whom也可省略.

　　2) 关系代词that在从句中作介词宾语时，介词不能放在它的前面，只能放在从句中有关动词的后面；介词后只能用which

　　The city that she lives in is very far away

　　The city in which she lives is very far away

　　3)关系代词whose还可以在从句中与他所修饰的词一起做介词宾语 The boss in whose company my father worked is a very kind person

　　四．定语从句中只用that不用which的情况

　　⑴先行词是不定代词：all, little, few, much, anything, everything, nothing, something, none, no one, some等

　　Tell me all that you know about it. 告诉我你所知道的一切

　　Everything that he said is very important他所讲的一切都很重要

　　⑵先行词被the same, the last, the very（恰好，正是）, the only, the right, one of, all, every, no, some, little, few, much, any等所修饰时

　　The only thing that he remembers is her name.

　　This is the very book that l am looking for

　　I have read all books that you lent to me.

　　⑶先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时

　　This is the first lecture that Miss Gao gives us

　　This is the best film that I have ever seen so far.

　　⑷先行词即有人又有物时

　　They talked about the teachers and the things (that) they remembered in the school

　　⑸ time, way, moment 作先行词时用that。that可以省略

　　This is the first time (that) I have been to China

　　At that moment (that) the bell ring, we have finished our task

　　⑹ 先行词为数词

　　There are many books. But I just want to buy two that I like most.

　　⑺ 在who, what, which提问的特殊疑问句中，引导词用that

　　Who is the man that is standing under the tree?

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