with的用法
with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起到非常重要的作用。下面是小编与你分享的with的用法,希望对你有帮助。
with怎么用
一、with结构的构成
它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成,复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语,复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当,第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当,分词可以是现在分词,也可以是过去分词。
With结构构成方式如下:
1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词;
2. with或without-名词/代词+副词;
3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语;
4. with或without-名词/代词 +动词不定式;
5. with或without-名词/代词 +分词。
下面分别举例:
1.with+名词+形容词,作伴随状语
She came into the room,with her nose red because of cold.
2.with+名词+副词,作时间状语
With the meal over , we all went home.
3.with+名词+介词短语,作伴随状语
The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.
4.with+名词+不定式,作伴随状语
He lay in the dark empty house,with not a man ,woman or child to say he was kind to me.
5.without+代词 +不定式,作条件状语
He could not finish it without me to help him.
6.with+名词+现在分词,作伴随状语
She fell asleep with the light burning.
with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述,以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。
二 with结构的用法
with是介词,其意义颇多,一时难掌握。为帮助大家理清头绪,以教材中的句子为例,进行分类,并配以简单的解释。在句子中with结构多数充当状语,表示行为方式,伴随情况、时间、原因或条件(详见上述例句)。
1. 带着,牵着…… (表动作特征)。如:
Run with the kite like this.
2. 附加、附带着……(表事物特征)。如:
A glass of apple juice, two glasses of coke, two hamburgers with potato chips, rice and fish.
3. 和…… (某人)一起。
(1)跟某人一起(居住、吃、喝、玩、交谈……) 。如:
Now I am in China with my parents.
Sometimes we go out to eat with our friends.
He / She's talking with a friend.
(2)跟go, come 连用,有 "加入"到某方的意思。如:
Do you want to come with me?
4. 和play一起构成短语动词play with 意为"玩耍……,玩弄……" 。如:
Two boys are playing with their yo-yos.
5. 与help 一起构成 help...with...句式,意为"帮助 (某人) 做 (某事)"。如:
On Monday and Wednesday, he helps his friends with theirEnglish.
6. 表示面部神情,有“含着……,带着……”。如:
"I'm late for school," said Sun Yang, with tears in his eyes.
7. 表示 "用……"。如:
What do the farmers do with your machines?
8. 表示 "对……, 关于……"。如:
There's something wrong with my computer.
三 with结构的特点
1. with结构由介词with或without+复合结构构成。
复合结构中第一部分与第二部分语法上是宾语和宾语补足语关系,而在逻辑上,却具有主谓关系,也就是说,可以用第一部分作主语,第二部分作谓语,构成一个句子。如:
With him taken care of,we felt quite relieved.→(He was taken good care of.)
She fell asleep with thelight burning. →(The light was burning.)
With her hair gone,there could be no use for them. →(Her hair was gone.)
2. 在with结构中,第一部分为人称代词时,则该用宾格代词。如: