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初二英语知识点总结
在平凡的学习生活中，是不是听到知识点，就立刻清醒了？知识点也可以理解为考试时会涉及到的知识，也就是大纲的分支。还在苦恼没有知识点总结吗？下面是小编帮大家整理的初二英语知识点总结，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
初二英语知识点总结1
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?
本单元的话题：谈论假期活动内容，复习一般过去时。
本单元的语法：1.复习一般过去时;2.学习不定代词和不定副词的用法。
2.不定代词和不定副词的用法：
(1)左边的some、any、every、no与右边的body、one、thing构成不定代词，some、any、every、no与右边的疑问副词where构成不定副词;
(2)一般情况下以some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句，以any开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句;以no开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义(no one为两个单词);
(3)不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时，形容词放在后面。
He has something important to do.他有重要的事情要做。(肯定句用something，形容词important放后)
Did you buy anything special? (一般疑问句用anything，形容词special放后)
Did you go anywhere interesting last month?上个月你去令人感兴趣的地方了吗?
(一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere，形容词interesting放后)
(4)不定代词和不定副词做主语时，后面的动词用单数形式。Everone is here today.今天每个人都在这里。
本单元的短语和知识点：
1. go on vacation去度假 go to the mountains 上山/进山
2.stay at home呆在家go to the beach去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去参观夏令营 3. study for tests为考试而学习\备考 go out出去
4. quite a few相当多,不少(后跟可数名词复数)take photos照相 most of the time大部分时间 5.buy sth for sb = buy sb sth为某人买某物 6. taste good. 尝起来很好
taste(尝起来)、look(看起来)、sound(听起来)为感官动词，后跟形容词
7.have a good\great\fun time过得高兴，玩得愉快(=enjoy oneself) 8. go shopping去购物 9. nothing…but+动词原形：除了……之外什么都没有
He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday.昨天他在家除了读书无事可做。
10. seem to do sth:好像… I seem to know him.我好像认识他。
seem+(to be)+形容词：看起来…The work seems(to be)easy.这工作看起来很容易。
11.keep a diary记日记
12. in+大地方：达到某地 (get to +地方：达到某地)
arrive at+小地方：达到某地 (get的过去式为got)
若是arrive和get后跟home、there、here三个地点副词，后面的介词in\at\to必须去掉。
Tom got home yesterday evening=Tom arrived home yesterday evening.昨晚汤姆到家。
13.decide to do sth:决定做某事 14. try doing sth.尝试做某事try to do sth.尽力去做某事
15. feel like给…的感觉;感受到 16. in the past 在过去 walk around四处走走
enjoy doing sth:喜欢做某事 difference(名词，差异，差别)---- different(形容词，不同的)
18.start doing sth：开始做某事 (= start to do sth)
19.19.over an hour一个多小时 (over超过，多余 = more than)
20. too many 太多，后接可数名词复数。 too much 太多，后跟不可数名词，修饰动词作状语。
much too 太，后跟形容词或副词 ， 分辨三者的口诀： too much,much too, 用法区别看后头:much 后接不可数,too 后修饰形或副。too many 要记住，后面名词必复数。
21. because of 因为,后接名词、代词或动名词(即动词+ing)，不能接句子。
because因为，后跟句子。
He was late for school because of getting up late.他因为起晚而上学迟到。(get为动词)
= He was late for school because he got up late.
22. enough(足够的)与名词连用，一般放在名词前He has enough money .
23. enough(足够的)与形容词或副词连用，enough放在后面。He is old enough to go to school.
24. doing sth.忘记已经做过某事(已经做完)
Forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(还未做)(forget的过去式为forgot)
25. so+形容词+that+句子：如此…以至于…
too+形容词+to do sth：太…以至于不能…
形容词+enough to do sth：足够…能够做某事(注意三个句型有时可以互换)
He is so young that he can′t go to school.= He is too young to go to school.
= He isn′t old enough to go to school.
Unit 2 How often do you exercise?
本单元的话题：谈论生活习惯，复习一般现在时。
本单元的语法：1.复习一般现在时;2.学习表示频率副词的用法。
主要频率副词的等级排序：always(总是) > usually (通常) > often(经常) > sometimes(有时) > hardly ever(很少) > never(从不)
这些副词在句子中的位置，一般放在助动词、be动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前。即：“行”前“助(系)”后。 Peter is always late for school. Peter上学总是迟到。
I usually do my homework in the evening. 我通常在晚上做作业。
提问 always, sometimes, twice a day 等频率副词，用 How often
I watch TV every day.我每天都看电视→How often do you watch TV?(你多长时间看一次电视?)
本单元的短语和知识点：
1.on weekends在周末 go to the movies去看电影 help with housework帮助做家务 how often多久一次 hardly ever几乎从不
2.once a week每周一次 twice a week每周两次 every day每天 use the Internet用互联网
be free有空 Are you free on weekends?你周末有空吗?
4.stay up late熬夜at least至少go to bed early早点睡觉play sports进行体育活动
5.after school 放学后 6.want sth：需要某物 He wants a new pen.他想要一支新钢笔。
want to do sth:想做某事 He wants to watch TV after school.放学后他想去看电视。
want sb to do sth:让某人做某事 My mother wants me get up early.妈妈让我早起。
7.be good for对……有好处 be bad for 对……有害处
8. play computer games打电子游戏 go camping去野营 9.ask sb about sth：问某人某事 My parents often ask me about my study.我的父母经常问我的学习情况。
10. in one’s spare time在某人业余时间He stud
ies English in his spare time.11.(P13，2b)”数字+percent of+名词”做主语时，后面的单词取决于名词的情况。若名词为复数，后面的动词用复数形式;若名词为单数或不可数名词，后面的动词用单数形式。
In our class ,twenty of students are boys. Thirty of water is dirty.
12.not…at all:一点儿也不 (not构成否定句)I don’t like the movie at all.
13.go online上网=surf the Internet 14.the answer to+名词：…的答案
16.the (best) way to do sth: 做某事的(最好)方式
The best way to learn English is speaking English.学习英语的最好方法是说英语.
17.such as比如 (后跟名词或名词短语)for example 例如(后跟句子)
He likes fruits,such as apples,bananas and so on.他喜欢水果，例如苹果、香蕉等。
He has some good ways to study English,for example ,he often listens to tapes.
19.more than (=over)超过，多余 go to the dentist去看牙医
Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister.
本单元的话题：谈论事物对比，学习形容词比较级。
本单元的语法：学习形容词比较级。(语法：见课本第113页至115页)
本单元的短语和知识点：
1.play+the +乐器 play the drums打鼓 比较play +球类 play basketball打篮球
both…and…两者都(后面的动词用复数形式) Both Tom and Jim are students.
3.be good at+名词\代词\V ing:擅长，在某方面做得好
7.be like:像… The books are like friends.书像朋友。
8.make friends (with sb)：(和某人)交朋友 enjoy doing sth:喜欢做某事
9.be different from与…不同 My brother is different from me.我弟弟与我不一样。
10.help sb to (do) sth:帮助某人做某事
常与help sb with sth(在某方面帮助某人)互换 He often helps me (to) learn English.他经常帮助我学习英语。= He often helps me with my English.他经常在英语方面帮助我。
help (to) do sth:帮助做某事He often helps( to)cook at home.他经常在家帮助做饭。
13.be good with sb:与某人相处很好 14.information (n.消息，信息)不可数名词
Unit 4 Whats the best movie theater?
本单元的话题：谈论事物对比， 学习形容词和副词的最高级。
本单元的语法：学习形容词和副词的最高级。
本单元的短语和知识点：
1.welcome to+地点：欢迎来到某地 Welcome to our school.欢迎来我校。
2.What do you think of sth?=How dou you like sth?你认为...怎么样?
3.watch sb do sth:看见某人做了某事(= see sb do sth )
4.比较级别 +and+比较级：越来越…(若比较级为more+形容词原级，则为：more and more形容词原级)The buildings are taller and taller. Our school is getting more and more beautiful.
5.around the world全世界=all over th
e world, such as 例如
Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show?
本单元的话题：谈论自己对天使节目或电影的喜好，学会表达自己的感受。
本单元的语法：复习一般现在时。
本单元的短语和知识点：
1. What do you think of sth?=How dou you like sth?你认为…怎么样?
What do you think of the movie?你认为这部电影怎么样? It is boring.很无聊。
2.mind doing sth:介意做某事 3. news (不可数名词，消息，信息) a piece of good news一条好消息 4.learn (sth) from sb:向某人学习(某物) 5.plan to do sth:计划做某事(plan的过去式planned,现在分词planning) 6.hope to do sth:希望做某事
8.favorite (形容词，最喜爱的)= like…best
My favorite shows are talk shows.我最喜欢的节目是谈话节目。=I like talk shows best.
9.expect to do sth:期待做某事 10.think of认为，想起He often thinks of his teachers. 11.in the 1930s:在二十世纪三十年代(1930年至1939年)
10.12.one of +可数名词复数：…之一(该短语放在句首做主语时，后面的动词用单数形式)One of the students has an English dictionary.这些学生中一个人有英语字典。
14.luck(名词，幸运,运气)—lucky(形容词,幸运的)--unlucky (形容词,不幸的)
15.be ready to do sth乐意做某事 16.try ones best (to do sth):尽力(做某事)
Unit6 Im going to study computer science.
本单元的话题：谈论自己将来的计划或打算。
本单元的语法：学习一般将来时be going to do sth。
本单元的短语和知识点：
1.词性转换：science (名词，科学)—scientist(名词，科学家)
violin(名词，小提琴)--violinst(名词，小提琴家)piano(名词，钢琴)-- pianist(名词，钢琴家)2.grow up成长，长大 3.be good at+名词\代词\动词+ing:擅长… He is good at math,but he isn’t good at speaking English.他擅长数学，但是不擅长说英语。
4.keep on doing sth: 继续做某事 5.be sure about:确信，对…有把握
His mother isn’t sure about his study.他的妈妈对他的学习没有把握。
6. move to +地点：搬(家)到某地 7. take singing\acting lessons上歌唱课\上表演课=have singing\acting lessons 8. send sb sth = send sth to sb寄\送给某人某物
His grandfather often sends him money。= His grandfather often sends money to him.
9. learn to do sth学会做某事
10. play the piano弹钢琴 make the soccer team组建足球队 get good grades取得好的成绩 eat healthier food吃更健康的食品 get lots of exercise进行大量锻炼
11. foreign language外国语言 12. study hard努力学习 most of the time大多数时间
14. get back from+地点：从…回来 He will get back from Beijing in 3 days.
at the beginning of 在…开始的时候, write down写下/记下，
17. different kinds of不同种类的 have to do with关于，与…有关系,take up开始从事
20. too+形容词+to do sth：太…以至于不能…
so+形容词+that+句子：如此…以至于…
形容词+enough to do sth：足够…能够做某事(注意三个句型有时可以互相转换)
He is so young that he can′t go to school.他如此年轻以至于不能去上学。
= He is too young to go to school.他太年轻了以至于不能去上学。
= He isn′t old enough to go to school.
22.make sb+形容词：让某人怎么样 The good news made us happy.(注意：news为不可数名词)
23.how to do better at school为“疑问词+不定式”即“疑问词+to do sth”
He didn’t know when to start.他不知道什么时候开始。 24.go to university去上大学
Unit 7 Will people have robots?
本单元的话题：谈论对未来的语言，学习一般将来时will do sth。
本单元的语法：学习一般将来时will do sth。
一般将来时由“助动词will / shall + 动词原型”构成，表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语如tomorrow、next week，in 2 days(2天之后)等连用。(Shall用于第一人称，will可以用于各种人称。) (will not= won’t)
一般疑问句：把肯定句中的will 提到句首即可。以上两句的一般疑问句为：
Will you visit the old man next week? Yes,we will.\No, we won’t .
否定句：把肯定句中的will 变为won’t即可。以上两句的否定句为：
We won’t visit the old man next week. She won’t finish the work in 2 weeks.
本单元的短语和知识点：
1.There be结构：There be(is/are/was/were)+某物/某人+某地/某时
“There be结构”的一般现在时：There is/are+某物/某人+某地/某时
There are 600 students in our school.在我们学校有600个学生。
一般过去时：There was/were+某物/某人+某地/某时 There was a school ten years ago.
一般将来时：There will be+某物/某人+某地/某时.= There is going to be+某物/某人+某地/某时. There will be a sport meeting next week.=There is going to be a sport meeting next weeek.下周将有场运动会。 2.on computers在电脑上, on paper在纸上
3.a few +可数名词复数：有一些、有几个 a little +不可数名词：有一些
few +可数名词复数：几乎没有(表示否定) little+不可数名词：几乎没有(表示否定)
many+可数名词复数：很多，许多 few 的比较级是fewer ,little的比较级是less
much+不可数名词：很多，许多 many\much的比较级都是more
There will be less polution in the future.在未来将会有更少的污染。(polution为不可数名词)
We should plant more trees.我们应该种更多的树。(tree为可数名词)
There will be fewer cars in the future.在未来将会有更少的汽车。(car为可数名词)
4.in(great)danger在(极度)危险中on the earth在地球上save the earth拯救地球
6.in+一段时间：在…之后(多用于一般将来时)
He will come back in 2 days.两天之后他将回来。→How soon will he come back?多久他将回来?
句型 There is\are sb doing sth.有某人正在做某事。 There is a cat eating fish.
10. hundreds of+名词：成百上千的…，许多…(表示模糊数字)
数字+ hundred +名词：几百…(表示具体数字)
He has hundreds of book.他有很多书。He bought two hundred books.他买了二百本书。
12.at some point: 在某些方面 free time空闲时间 in one’s free time在某人空闲时间
Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?
本单元的话题：描述做事情的顺序和过程。(First首先,Next下面,Then然后,Finally最后)
本单元的语法：复习一般现在时。
本单元的短语和知识点：
1(P57,1a) turn on打开 turn up调大
turn off关上 turn down调小
2. How many+可数名词复数：多少…
How much+不可数名词：多少…
He has eight books.他有八本书。→How many books does he have?他有多少本书?
3. 量词的用法：不可数名词常用“数字+量词+不可数名词”来表示。如：
a piece of bread一片面包 比较：two pieces of bread两片面包(bread为不可数名词)
a glass of orange 一玻璃杯橘子汁 one spoon of butter 一勺黄油
5.one more thing = another one thing 基数词 + more + 名词 = another + 基数词 + 名词：又多少某物 He ate an apple,he wanted to eat two more apples.
7.It’s time (for sb) to do sth是某人该做某事的时间了。It’s time for us to have lunch.
It’s time for sth是该做某事的时间了。It’s time for the class.是该上课的时候了。
Unit 9 Can you come to my party?
本单元的话题：学会发出、接受或拒绝邀请。 本单元的语法：复习情态动词。
本单元的短语和知识点：
1.on Saturday afternoon 在星期六下午，在具体哪一天的是上午、下午或晚上用on,
2. have to 必须(后跟动词原形)He has to get up early.他必须早起。→(一般疑问句)Does he get up early? Yes,he does.\No,he doesn’t.
(否定句)He doesn’t have to get up early.他没有必要早起。
4. sth=want sth 想要某物 Jim would like a new pen .
Would like to do sth=want to do sth想做某事 He’d like to watch TV.
Would you like to do sth ? 你愿意做...?(用来提出建议或征求对方意见)
------would you like to go shopping with me ? 你想和我一起去买东西吗?
------Yes,I’d love to ，but I’m doing my homework.我想去,但是我现在正在做家庭作业。
(=Sorry, I’m doing my homework.非常抱歉，我正在做家庭作业。)
5.prepare for sth为…做准备 go to the doctor去看病have t
he flu 患流感help my parents给父母帮忙 have an exam考试
6. until 的用法:<1>若动词为延续性动词则用肯定句式
He didn’t go to bed until his father came back.他一直到他爸爸回来才上床睡觉。
10.study for a math test为数学考试做准备go to the party参加聚会
11.What’s today?今天几号?Its Monday,the 14th.今天星期一，十四号。
补充：what day is it today?今天星期几? it’s Monday今天星期一。
What’s the date today?今天几月几日?It’s October 20th .今天10月20日。
12.go to the doctor去看病 have a piano lesson上钢琴课
13.look after 照看，照料 = take care of
She is old to look after his brother她足够大了能够照看她的弟弟。
take good care of =look after…well好好照顾，好好照料
We should take good care of the children.= We should look after the children well.
感叹句的类型：
⑴ What a∕an+adj+可数名词单数 (+主语+谓语)!
What +adj+可数名词复数∕不可数名词 (+主语+谓语)!
What a fine day (it is) !多么好的天啊! (day为可数名词单数)
What an interesting book it is !多么有趣的一本书啊!(book为可数名词单数)
What beautiful flowers they are !多么漂亮的花啊! (flowers为可数名词复数)
What bad weather it is!多么糟糕的天气啊!(weather为不可数名词)
⑵ How +adj +主语+(谓语中的)系动词! How +adv +主语+(谓语中的)实义动词!
How happy I am!我多麽高兴啊! (happy为adj,am为系动词)
How hard they are working !他们工作多么努力啊!(hard为adv,work为实义动词)
点拨：陈述句改为感叹句，可以采用“一判、二定、三移”。
一判：是判断出陈述句谓语动词后的中心词的词性(adj∕adv∕n);
二定：是根据判断出来的结果来确定引导词(中心词为名词用What;中心词为形容词或副词用How;)
三移：就是把主语和谓语移到后面。
注意：在感叹句中，不得出现so,very，very much等表示程度的单词。
例如：①Our school is beautiful .
一判：beautiful为形容词;二定：beautiful为形容词，用How 来引导;三移：把Our school is移到How beautiful后面，即为感叹句How beautiful our school is!
②He is a clever boy.
一判：boy为名词;二定：boy为名词，用What来引导;三移：把He is移到What a clever boy 后面，即为感叹句What a clever boy he is!
③He studies English well.
一判：well为副词;二定：well为副词，用How 来引导;三移：把He studies移到How well后面，即为感叹句How well he studies!
练习：将下列句子变为感叹句。①The room is very bright.
② We live a happy life today. ③It is a nice present.
④This is difficult problem.⑤She played the piano wonderfully.
16.)the (best) way to do sth:做某事的(最好)方法 17.thanks for+名词\Ving:为什么而感谢 18.take a trip参加郊游，at the end of this month在本月底
19.go back to+地点：回到某地 He will go back to Beijing in 2 days.两天后他将回北京。
20.have a surprise party for sb为某人举办一个惊喜的晚会
21.without+名词\代词\ Ving：没有… He can’t finish the work without our help.(help为名词)
He went to school without having breakfast.他没有吃早饭就去上学。(have为动词)
24.look forward to +名词\代词\V.ing：期待，盼望
25.hear from sb.收到某人的来信 = receive a letter from sb.
27.the opening of… ：开幕/开业 28.在具体哪一天的上午、下午、晚上用on,比较：
in the morning在早晨 on Sunday morning在星期天的早晨 29.invite sb to +地点:邀请某人去某地(invite -- invitation ) invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事
31.reply to sth / sb：回答某事/回答某人 go shopping 购物，do homework做家庭作业
Unit 10 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time!
本单元的话题：谈论事情可能的结果。 。
本单元的语法：在条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来——即主将从现。
If you go to the party, we will have a great time
从句(一般现在时) (主句一般将来时)
解释：在条件状语从句，时间状语从句中，若主句用一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时表示将来-------简称主将从现
If it is fine tomorrow,I’ll visit shanghai
区分:宾语从句若主句为一般现在时，从句可以根据需要用任何时态
I think I”ll finish the work in 2 days. 我认为我在两天内将完成这项工作。
主句(一般现在时) 宾语从句
填空：I think she (come)here tomorrow. If he (come )here,I (call)you.
本单元的短语和知识点：
1.have a great /good time 玩的开心 stay at home呆在家里take the bus乘公交车，go to the party参加晚会 tomorrow night明天晚上 talk about sth谈论某事 have a class party开班级晚会 have a class meeting 开班会
6.plan to do sth计划做某They are planning to go shopping.他们正在计划购物。 7.(P74,2b)half the class 全班一半人,make some food 做食物
8.ask sb. to do sth 请某人做某事My parents often ask me to study hard.
ask sb. not to do sth 请某人不要做某事 My techer often asks us not to be late.
10.too+形容词+to do sth：太…以至于不能…
so+形容词+that+句子：如此…以至于…
形容词+enough to do sth：足够…能够做某事(注意三个句型常常可以互换转换)
He is so young that he can′t go to school.他如此年轻以至于不能去上学。
= He is too young to go to school.他太年轻了以至于不能去上学。
= He isn′t old enough to go to school.
11.tell sb. to do sth 高速某人做某事 tell sb. not to do sth 告诉某人不要做某事
12.give sb some advice给某人建议/劝告 (adivce为不可数名词)
13.travel around the world 周游世界, go to college 上大学，
make(a lot of)money 挣钱, get an education接受教育 ，
14.)work hard 努力工作，a soccer player 一个足球运动员
15.talk to sb.与某人谈话，keep…to oneself 把…留给自己/独处
16.have problems with sth:在某方面有困难 have problems (in)doing sth:做方面有困难 (2个句型常常可以互换)
She has problems with English.她在学习英语方面有困难。
= She has problems (in) learning English.她学习英语有困难。
17.unless=if…not如果…不 Unless it is sunny tomorrow,I won’t go shopping.=If it isn’t sunny tomorrow,I won’t go shopping.
18.be afraid to do sth:不敢做某事be afraid of sth:害怕某物
19.21.be angry with sb生某人的气He is angry with his son.他在生他儿子的气。
be angry about\at sth 因某事而生气He is angry about\at his work.他因为工作生气。
22.make mistakes犯错误 23.remember to do sth记着去做某事(事情还未做)
remember doing sth记着已经做过某事(事情做完，但是还记着)
Please remember to close the door when you leave.当你离开的时候记着关上门。(门还未关).
He remembered closing the door.他记着已经关上门了。(门已经关上)
24.advise sb to do sth劝说某人做某事 advise sb doing建议提议做某事。
25.It’s best (not)to do sth. 最好(不要)做某事 solve a problem解决难题
26.run away from逃避Don’t run away from your problems. solve a problem解决难题
30.agree with sb:同意某人(的看法、意见、观点等)31.worry about 担心 =be worried about
初二英语知识点总结2
句子成分和类型
1.主语：句子所陈述的对象。
2.谓语：主语发出的动作。一般是有动作意义的动词。
3.宾语：分为动词宾语和介词宾语，属于动作的承受者。
4.系动词：表示状态或状态变化的动词，没有实际的动作意义。如be，感官系动词(look，sound，smell，taste和feel)、保持类系动词(keep，stay和remain)、状态变化类系动词(become、get、turn和go)等。
5.表语：紧跟系动词后面的成分。
6.定语：修饰名词或代词的成分。
7.状语：修饰形容词、副词、动词或句子的成分。
8.补语：分为宾语补足语和主语补足语。是对宾语和主语的补充说明，与其有主动或被动的逻辑关系。
例如：You should keep the room clean and tidy.
你应该让屋子保持干净整洁。
(You是主语，should keep是谓语，the room是宾语，clean and tidy是宾语补足语。)
This kind of food tastes delicious.
这种食物吃起来很可口。
(This kind of food是主语，tastes是系动词，delicious是表语。)
注意：主语、谓语、宾语、系动词、表语、补语是一个句子的主干成分;定语和状语是一个句子的修饰性成分，不是主干成分。
9.简单句的基本形式是由一个主语加一个谓语构成。
10.复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。
11.两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子，叫做并列句，其基本结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。
一般疑问句
一、不用疑问词，但需要用yes或no回答的疑问句，叫一般疑问句。句末用问号“?”。
一般疑问句的基本用法及结构一般疑问句用于对某一情况提出疑问，通常可用yes和no来回答，读时用升调。其基本结构是“be / have /助动词+主语+谓语(表语)”：
Is he interested in going?他有兴趣去吗?
Have you ever been to Japan?你到过日本吗?
Does she often have colds?她常常感冒吗?
Did you ask her which to buy?你问没问她该买哪一个?
二、陈述句变一般疑问句的方法
1.动词be的疑问式：动词be根据不同的时态和人称可以有am，is，are，was，were等不同形式，可用作连系动词(表示“是”、“在”等)和助动词(用于构成进行时态和被动语态等)，但不管何种情况，构成疑问式时，一律将动词be的适当形式置于句首：句型：Be动词+主语～?
Is your father angry?你父亲生气了吗?
Yes，he is.是的，他生气了。
No，he isn"t.不，他没生气。
Were the babies crying last night?(进行时)
昨天晚上这些孩子们一直在哭吗?
Yes，they were.是的，他们在哭。
No，they weren"t.不，他们没哭。
Is English spoken all over the world?(被动语态)
全世界都说英语吗?
Yes，it is.是的。
No，it isn"t.不。
2.动词have的疑问式：动词have根据不同的时态和人称可以有have，has，had等形式，可以用作实意动词和助动词，分以下情况讨论：
①用作实意动词表示状态，如表示拥有、患病或用于have to表示“必须”等，在构成构成式时可以直接将have，has，had置于句首，也可根据情况在句首使用do，does，did：
Does he have [Has he] anything to say?他有什么话要说吗?
Do you have [Have you] to leave so soon?你必须这么早走吗?
Did you have [Had you] any friends then?他当时有朋友吗?
②用作实意动词表示动作，如表示“吃(=eat)”、“喝(=drink)”、“拿(=take)”、“收到(=receive)”、“度过(=spend)”等，构成疑问式时不能将have提前至句首，而应在句首使用do，does，did：
Does he have breakfast at home?他在家吃早餐吗?
Did you have a good time at the party?你在晚会上玩得高兴吗?
③完成时的一般疑问句
句型：Have(Has)+主语+动词的过去分词+～?
Have you known her since your childhood?
你从童年就认识她吗?
Yes，I have.是的。
No，I haven"t.不。
过去完成时的一般疑问句
句型：Had +主语+动词的过去分词+～?
Had he learned about two thousand English
words before he came here?
他来这里以前就已经学了大约两千个单词了吗?
Yes，he had.是的。
No，he hadn"t.不。
3.情态动词的疑问式：情态动词的疑问式通常是将情态动词置于句首：
句型：情态动词+主语+动词原形～?
Can you bring me some apples?
你能给我拿来些苹果吗?
Yes，I can.是的，可以。
No，I can"t.不，不可以。
Can you speak English?你会说英语吗?
Must I finish the work at once?我必须马上完成工作吗?
4.实意动词的疑问式：一般实意动词的疑问式，通常应根据不同时态和人称在句首加助动词do，does，did等：
句型：Do(Does，Did)+主语+动词原形～?
Do you go to school every day?你每天都上学吗?
Does the boy like dancing?这男孩喜欢唱歌吗?
Did you see the film last night?你昨晚看了这部电影吗?
Did he do morning exercises yesterday?
昨天他做早操了吗?
Yes，he did.是的，他做了。
No，he didn"t.不，他没做。
特殊疑问句
用疑问词引导的疑问句叫做特殊疑问句。回答特殊疑问句时不能用yes或no。用降调。为了便于理解、掌握特殊疑问句，我们把疑问词分为三类：
疑问代词：what，who，Which，whose，whom
疑问副词：when，where，why，how
疑问形容词：what(which，whose)+名词
一、疑问代词的用法
1.what引导的疑问句
此类疑问句可以对主语、表语和宾语提问。
A.对主语提问
What is in your pocket?
你口袋里有什么?
这个问题可以有两种回答：
a：There is an egg in it.
在口袋里有一个蛋。
b：An egg is(in it).
一个蛋(在里面)。
There are a lot of chairs in it.
=A 1ot of chairs are in it.有许多椅子。
注意
回答此句型的问题时，答句的单复数根据实际情况而定。
B.对宾语提问
What did you buy?你买了什么?
C.对表语提问
What is this?这是什么?
It"s a bench.这是一条长凳。
What is your mother?你妈妈是干什么的?
2.Who，whom，whose引导的疑问句
此类疑问句可以对主语、表语和宾语提问。
Who broke the window?(对主语提问)
谁打破了窗户?
who可以对主语和表语提问。whom是who的宾格，对宾语提问，但在口语中who可以代替whom。
Li Ming did.李明打破的。
Who is that woman?(对表语提问)
那个女人是谁?
She is my mother.她是我妈妈。(关系)
或者：She is Rose.她是罗思。(姓名)
二、疑问形容词的用法
what，which，whose后面跟上名词时，这三个疑问词起形容词作用。
What sports do you like?(对宾语提问)
你喜欢什么运动?
I like basketball.我喜欢篮球。
Whose pens are these?(对表语提问)
这些是谁的钢笔?
They are Li Ming"s.这些是李明的。
Whose father died two years ago?(对主语提问)
两年前谁的父亲死了?
Which picture did you take?(对宾语提问)
哪一张照片是你拍的?
I took the one on the right.
右边的那一张是我拍的。
三、疑问副词的用法
句型：疑问副词+一般疑问句的语序～?
(疑问副词在句中作状语，所以它们不可能对主语提问)
when引导的疑问句：询问时间
When were you born?你何时出生?
(I was born)on June 5，1962.
我是1962年6月5日出生的。
初二英语知识点总结3
1.主语：
表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事儿”，一般由名词，代词或相当于名词的词或者短语充当
例如：Gina is from Australia.
She often goes to the movies.
This kind of juice tastes good!
2.谓语：
主语发出的动作。一般是有动作意义的动词。谓语和主语在人称和数两个方面必须保持一致。
例如：We are both quiet.
He has a smart phone.
You should study harder.
Her parents are teachers.
3.宾语：
分为动词宾语和介词宾语，属于动作的承受者。
例如：Hes playing soccer.
Good food and exercise help me to study harder.
4.系动词：
表示状态或状态变化的动词，没有实际的动作意义。如be,感官系动词（look, sound, smell, taste和feel）、保持类系动词（keep, stay和remain）、状态变化类系动词（become、get、turn和go）等。
This picture looks so beautiful.
Keep working, you will see the post office on your right.
5.表语：
紧跟系动词后面的成分。说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由n. adj.或者相当于名词或形容词的词或者短语，和系动词一起构成谓语。
例如：Her mother is a bank clerk.
Are you ready?
We were at home last night.
6.定语：
修饰名词或代词的成分。作定语的出形容词外，还有代词、数词、名词、介词短语或相当于形容词的词或者短语。
例如：Peel three bananas.
Whats your name, please?
Shes a good basketball player.
7.状语：
修饰形容词、副词、动词或句子的成分。一般表示行为发生的时间地点目的方式程度等意义。通常有副词、介词短语或相当于的副词的词或短语来表示。
例如：People are all working hard.
Beijing is not very cold in winter.
8.补语：
分为宾语补足语和主语补足语。是对宾语和主语的补充说明，与其有主动或被动的逻辑关系。
例如：You should keep the room clean and tidy.
你应该让屋子保持干净整洁。
（You是主语，should keep是谓语，the room是宾语，clean and tidy是宾语补足语。）
This kind of food tastes delicious.
这种食物吃起来很可口。
（This kind of food是主语，tastes是系动词，delicious是表语。）
注意：主语、谓语、宾语、系动词、表语、补语是一个句子的主干成分；定语和状语是一个句子的修饰性成分，不是主干成分。
初二英语知识点总结4
一、 v+ do
1. Let sb do sth让某人做某事
Let sb not do sth让某人不做某事
2.why not do sth = why don’t you do sth做什么怎么样为什么不做?
Why not put on a raincoat，its raining outside.外面在下雨，为什么不穿个雨衣呢?
3. Make sb do sth使某人做某事
I will do my best to make my dream come true.我会尽我所能去使我的梦想实现。
Make sb + adj使某人………..
The story makes us happy。
二、v+ doing
1. practice doing sth练习做某事our English teacher told us to practice speaking English
every day。英语老师叫我们每天练习说英语。
2. finish doing sth完成做某事my mum asks me to finishing cleaning up my room before
she come from work。妈妈要求我在她下班回来之前打扫干净我的房间。
3. Enjoy doing sth享受做某事
The boys are enjoying playing basketball孩子们正在操场上享受打篮球。
4. stand doing sth忍受做某事她不能忍受欺骗他人
5. mind doing sth介意做某事?你介意开门吗?
6. keep doing sth.继续做某事
She will keep fighting in this new semester.在新学期，她将继续努力奋斗
7. miss想念I miss you very much
Miss sth错过………….he got up late this morning，so he missed the bus
Miss doing sth错过做某事。He missed having the class，because he got up late。
8. Sb spend time with sb与某人共度时间
I spend the weekend with my grandparents。
Sb spend (time/ money)某人在某事花费时间，金钱
Sb spend (time/money)(in)doing sth某人花费时间、金钱做某事(人作主语)
I spent two hours (in)reading the novel last night.
It takes sb (time/ money)某事花费某人多少时间，金钱(it作主语)
It took me two hours to read the novel last night。
Sb pay sth money= pay money for sth为………..付多少钱。 (人作主语)
I paid ten dollars for that book
Sth cost sb money某物花费某人多少钱(物作主语)
That book cost me ten dollars。
9.succeed in doing sth成功做某事
He succeeds in giving up the smoking他成功地戒了烟。
10. play a role in doing sth发挥作用，有影响
computers play a role in people’s life计算机在人们的生活中发挥作用。
11. Have fun (in)doing sth玩得高兴
They had fun playing basketball.他们打篮球玩得很高兴。
12. be good at doing/ sth擅长she is very good at dancing。他擅长跳舞
13. be talented in doing sth/ sth在某方面有天赋
she is talented in drawing。她在画画方面有天赋
三、v+ to do
1. it"s a good/ great way to do sth做....的好方法.
He likes joining some activities because it’s a good way to make friends他喜欢参加一些活
动，因为这是交朋友的好方式。
The best way to do sth做某事的方式
I think the best way to learn English is through English。学英语的方式就是朗读。
2. It’s one’s first time to do sth第一次做某事
It’s my first time to speak English with foreigners.这是我第一次和外国人说英语。
3. want to do sth = would like to do sth想做某事
4. decide to do sth决定做某事
He decides to have a travel in this winter vacation.他决定在这个寒假去旅行。
5. be determined to do sth下定决心做某事
She determined to get good grades in this final examination.她下定决心要在这次的期末
考试中取得好成绩。
6. Invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事
He didn’t invite me to have dinner with them他没有邀请我和他们共进晚餐。
Invite sb to a place邀请某人到某处
He wants to invite the girl to his birthday party。他想邀请那个女孩参加他的生日宴会。
7. help sb(to)do sth= help(sb)with sth帮助某人做某事
he helped me with my English。= he helped me to study English.
8. order sb to do sth命令某人做某事
the boss ordered him to finish the work before 5 o’clock老板命令他五点之前完成工作
9. plan to do sth计划做某事
I plan to have a vacation in this summer我计划这个暑假去度假
10. choose to do sth选择做某事
He chooses to stay at home because of the cold weather.因为寒冷的天气，他选择呆在家里。
11. Do one’s best to do sth = try one’s best to do sth尽某人做大努力做某事
I will try my best to make my dream come true.
12. Need to do sth需要做某事
She needs to wash her dirty clothes now。现在她需要去洗她的脏衣服。
13. be ready to do sth准备好做某事She is ready to go out她准备好出去了。
14. seem +形容词看起来….. You seem happy today.你看起来很高兴
seem + to do sth.似乎、好像做某事I seem to have a cold我似乎感冒了。
15. tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人做某事
Her mum tells her to sleep early.她的妈妈告诉她早睡。
Tell sb not to sth告诉某人不要做某事
请告诉她不要去爬树
16. expect to do sth期待做某事
她期待下周去香港。
17. wish sb to do sth希望某人做某事
I wish you to be good.我希望你好好的。
Hope to do sth希望做某事
I hope to have a good job in the future.我希望将来有一份好工作。
18. it’s + adj for sb to do sth做某件事对某人来说怎么样
It’s good for you to sleep early.早睡对你有好处。
四、v+ to do/ doing
1. try to do sth尽量做某事，努力做某事he tries to finish his homework
Try not to do sth尽量不做某事he tries not to hurt his friends’ feelings。
Try doing sth尝试做某事。 He tried washing his hair with a new shampoo。
2. mean to do sth有意做某事I didn’t mean to hurt you我不是有意伤害你的。
Mean doing sth意味着、being good to her doesn’t mean loving her对她好并不意味着爱她。
3. start doing sth.开始做某事= start to do sth (begin)
He usually starts cooking at 6 in the evening when his mother is not at home.当他妈妈不在家时，他通常在晚上6点钟就开始做饭。
4.停止做某事the teacher is coming，lets stop talking.停下来做某事if you are tired, you can stop to rest.
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